经济学人下载:风险管控 伦敦的穿城铁路(1)

Finance and Economics
财经

Crossrail: The skeleton crew
穿城铁路：“骨干”成员

Lessons on risk management, from Europe's biggest infrastructure project.
由欧洲最大的基础设施项目带来的风险管控经验。

The eastbound platform on the Elizabeth line at Farringdon Station in central London is 30 metres below ground.
在中伦敦地区地下30米，向东的地铁站台位于伊丽莎白线上的费灵顿站。

Its length is as striking as its depth.
这个站台的长度与它的深度同样令人震惊。

At more than 200 metres, it is almost twice as long as the typical platform on the Tube.
超过200米的长度使其几乎为通常地铁站台的两倍长。

When service begins in December 2018, it will increase rail capacity in central London by 10%, thanks to the longer trains.
在2018年十二月投入使用后，由于可搭载更长的列车，这个站台将提高中伦敦地区10%的轨道运力。

Travellers nearest to the terminal stations at Reading and Heathrow, to the west of the city, and Shenfield and Abbey Wood, to the east, have a shot at the acme of commuter luxury: a seat.
旅客们不论是靠近雷丁与希思罗终点站前往城西，或靠近谢菲尔德与阿比森林前往城东，他们都能有机会得到通勤者最为奢侈的享受：一个座位。

Crossrail, as the ￡14.8bn ($19bn) infrastructure project is known, is on track to deliver other small miracles.
穿城铁路，因为该基础设施项目投入一百四十八亿英镑（约合一百九十亿美元）而为人熟知，而它将准备带来另一个奇迹。

With 85% of the work completed, the project is on-budget and on-time, in spite of its size and complexity.
项目85%的工作已经完成，即使该工程规模巨大、运作复杂，但它仍然未超出预算或延期。

The programme required ten new stations, some with passenger tunnels linking them to existing Tube lines.
这项工程要求修建十处新车站，其中一些要与旅客通道与现有的地铁线相通。

The Elizabeth line itself will snake through 13 miles (21km) of twinned tunnels, including a section under the Thames.
伊丽莎白线本身的双向隧道就将蜿蜒穿行十三英里（二十一公里），包含位于泰晤士河一段。

Tunnelling is a risky business.
打隧道是一项高风险的工作。

You never can tell if you'll run into a hold-up.
你无法确定你是否会准时完成。

The Crossrail dig has yielded 10,000 items of interest to archaeologists.
穿城铁路挖出了考古学家感兴趣的一万多个物件。

At Farringdon the diggers found 25 skeletons, the remains of victims of the 14th-century Black Death.
在费灵顿，挖掘工人发现了二十五副骨架，它们是十四世纪黑死病罹难者的遗骸。

But there were no immovable objects.
但是这里没有出现不可移动的物体。