经济学人下载:一周要闻 嫦娥四号成功着陆月球背面 2019年初股市下跌 苹果在华销量下跌

America’s New Horizons spacecraft flew past Ultima Thule. Thule, which is part of the Kuiper belt of asteroids beyond the orbit of Neptune, is the most distant object visited by a machine. It proved to be 33km long and snowman-shaped. Meanwhile, closer to home, China also achieved a first in space: a Chinese robot rover, Chang’E-4, landed on the “dark” side of the Moon invisible from Earth.
美国的“新视野”号宇宙飞船飞越了“天涯海角”。“天涯海角”是海王星轨道以外的小行星柯伊伯带的一部分，它是机器所能探测到的最远的天体。它长33公里，形状似“雪人”。与此同时，目光转向国内，中国也在太空中取得了首个成就:“嫦娥4号”着陆器和“玉兔2号”漫游者降落在地球看不见的月球“黑暗”一侧。

Following December’s tumultuous trading, stockmarkets fell again at the start of 2019. Last year was the worst for markets since the financial crash. The S&P 500 was down by 6% over the year, the FTSE 100 by 12%, the Nasdaq by 4%, and both the Nikkei and Euro Stoxx 50 by 14%. But it was China’s stockmarkets that took the biggest hammering. The CSI 300 index fell by 25%.
在12月的混乱交易之后，股市在2019年初再次下跌。去年是金融危机以来市场最糟糕的一年。过去一年，标准普尔500指数下跌6%，富时100指数下跌12%，纳斯达克指数下跌4%，日经指数和欧洲斯托克50指数均下跌14%。不过中国股市遭受的打击最大。沪深300指数下跌25%。

The rout is in part a response to the tightening of monetary policy by the Federal Reserve. Last month the Fed raised its benchmark interest rate for the fourth time in 2018, to a range of between 2.25% and 2.5%, but suggested it would lift rates just twice this year.
股市暴跌在一定程度上是对美联储收紧货币政策的回应。上个月，美联储在2018年第四次上调基准利率，利率区间上调至2.25%至2.5%之间，但表示今年只会加息两次。

Investors were further unnerved this week by Apple’s warning that revenues in the last three months of 2018 were much weaker than it had forecast, because of lower sales in China and because people aren’t upgrading their iPhones as frequently as before. Tesla’s share price took a knock, after it delivered fewer Model 3 cars in the fourth quarter than markets had expected.
苹果(Apple)本周警告称，2018年第四季度的营收远低于预期，原因是在华的销量下跌，以及人们不像以前那样频繁地升级iphone，这令投资者进一步感到不安。特斯拉的股价受到了冲击，此前该公司第四季度交付的Model 3车型低于市场预期。

A Japanese court approved a request to keep Carlos Ghosn in custody while prosecutors continue to question him. Mr Ghosn was sacked by Nissan as its chairman amid allegations that he misstated his pay. He was recently “re-arrested”—without ever being released—over new allegations of shifting a private investment loss onto Nissan’s books.
日本一家法院批准将卡洛斯·戈恩拘留，同时检察官继续对他进行讯问。戈恩因被指控谎报薪酬而被日产汽车解雇。最近，他被“再次逮捕”——不过他从未被释放——因为其被控将个人投资损失转嫁到日产汽车的账目上。