经济学人下载:一周要闻 中国8月出口大幅回升 美国失业率下降 特斯拉股票遭受重创

South Africa’s economy was 16.4% smaller in the second quarter compared with the first, the worst contraction since the 1990s. Infections from COVID-19 have slowed, allowing the government to lift some restrictions, such as on sales of alcohol. But a recovery is being hampered by creaking electricity infrastructure, which has led to power blackouts and energy rationing.
与第一季度相比，南非第二季度的经济萎缩了16.4%，这是自20世纪90年代以来最严重的一次萎缩。新冠肺炎的感染速度已经放缓，这使得政府得以取消了一些限制措施，比如对酒类销售的限制。但电力基础设施的老化阻碍了经济复苏，导致了停电和能源配给。

America’s unemployment rate fell to 8.4%. That is below the level reached during and after the global financial crisis over a decade ago, although the number remains affected by a “misclassification error” in the survey used to produce it. In April the rate had surged to 14.7%. But it never reached the 20% that some were predicting at the start of the pandemic. After the news Republicans proposed new stimulus measures that fall far short of what the Democrats are calling for. The Republican plan provides for a $300-per-week unemployment benefit top up, which the Democrats want restored to $600 a week.
美国的失业率降至8.4%。这低于10多年前全球金融危机期间和之后的水平，尽管这一数字仍受到调查中“分类错误”的影响。今年4月，这一比率飙升至14.7%。但从未达到一些人在疫情开始时预测的20%。消息传出后，共和党提出的新的刺激措施远远低于民主党的要求。共和党的计划规定每周提供300美元的失业救济金，民主党希望恢复到每周600美元。

China’s exports roared back last month, increasing by 9.5% in dollar terms compared with August 2019. China’s monthly trade surplus with America rose to $34.2bn, the most since November 2018.
上个月，中国出口大幅回升，以美元计算比2019年8月增长了9.5%。中国对美国的月度贸易顺差升至342亿美元，为2018年11月以来最高水平。

Germany’s exports rose again in July on the previous month, though they were still 11% lower than in July 2019. Industrial production is also recovering from the pandemic slump, though output remains a tenth smaller than what it was a year ago.
德国7月份出口较上月再次上升，但仍比2019年7月下降了11%。工业生产也正在从疫情的衰退中恢复，尽管产量仍比一年前减少了十分之一。

LVMH’s $17bn takeover of Tiffany appeared to be off. The French luxury-goods conglomerate struck a deal to buy the American jeweller last November, but now says the French government has stymied its proposal because of a row with America over tariffs on items such as handbags and cosmetics. Tiffany has gone to court accusing LVMH of using delaying tactics to renegotiate the terms of its offer because of a flop in sales during lockdown.
LVMH以170亿美元收购蒂芙尼(Tiffany)的交易似乎告吹。这家法国奢侈品集团去年11月达成协议，收购美国珠宝商蒂芙尼，但现在表示，由于法国与美国就手袋和化妆品等商品的关税发生争执，法国政府阻挠了这一收购提议。蒂芙尼(Tiffany)向法庭起诉LVMH，指控其在疫情封锁期间业绩不佳，因此使用拖延战术重新谈判报价条款。

Tesla’s newly split stock was hammered during the tech bloodbath on Wall Street, plunging by a third over a few days before recovering somewhat. It was also hurt by the surprise news that the electric-car maker still hasn’t made the cut for inclusion in the s&p 500, which would have driven appetite for its shares from index funds. Elon Musk, who recently became only the fifth man in the world to be worth over $100bn, has seen his fortune diminish in less than a week to a mere $78bn.
在华尔街的科技行业大屠杀期间，特斯拉新拆分的股票遭受重创，几天内暴跌三分之一，之后略有回升。此外，这家电动汽车生产商仍未获准进入标准普尔500指数成份股的意外消息也对该股造成了打击。若获准进入，将会激发指数基金对该公司股票的兴趣。埃隆·马斯克(Elon Musk)最近成为世界上第五位身家超过1000亿美元的人，但他的财富在不到一周的时间里就缩水到了780亿美元。