移民危机再度困扰欧洲(上)

A new migration crisis is brewing in Europe.

一场新的移民危机正在欧洲酝酿。

Prepare for populism.

为民粹主义做好准备。

Lovely place, Belgrade.

贝尔格莱德是个不错的地方。

The Serbian capital attracts many tourists from far and wide, there to enjoy its diverse architecture and meat-heavy cuisine.

塞尔维亚首都贝尔格莱德吸引了许多来自四面八方的游客，游客们在那里欣赏各种各样的建筑，享用以肉类为主的美食。

One recent batch of arrivals has raised eyebrows, however.

然而，近期去往贝尔格莱德旅游的游客感到十分惊讶。

Few would have expected citizens of Burundi, the poorest country in the world, to plump for a Balkan holiday.

几乎没有人能想到，来自布隆迪这个世界上最贫穷的国家的公民能够来到巴尔干半岛度假。

And yet thousands have flown there since Serbia announced in 2018 that Burundians could visit without a visa - a rare privilege for Africans travelling to Europe.

然而，自2018年塞尔维亚宣布布隆迪人可以免签证访问塞尔维亚以来，已有数千名布隆迪人飞往那里——这对于想要前往欧洲的非洲人来说，是一种罕见的特权。

To nobody’s surprise the unexpected tourists were not there to admire Belgrade’s fine opera house.

毫无意外，这些让人意想不到的游客并不是来欣赏贝尔格莱德美丽的歌剧院的。

The European Union’s border force has reported a surge of Burundians arriving illegally in the bloc, bits of which border Serbia (as people-smugglers charging $3,000 a head to cross that border well know).

欧盟边境部队报告称，非法进入欧盟各国的布隆迪人人数激增，其中一些移民就是通过塞尔维亚进入与其接壤的国家（众所周知，引渡非法移民的“蛇头”收取每人3000美元的费用，帮助非法移民越境）。

Authorities in Belgrade, which had nixed visa requirements for Burundi as thanks for it withdrawing diplomatic recognition of neighbouring Kosovo, are in the process of closing the loophole after the EU threatened to make it harder for Serbians themselves to enter.

此前，由于布隆迪撤回了对塞尔维亚科索沃独立的承认，贝尔格莱德当局取消了对布隆迪的签证要求。而在欧盟威胁要让塞尔维亚人更难入境后，贝尔格莱德当局正在填补这一漏洞。

Burundian fake tourists are not the only ones trying for a better life in Europe.

来自布隆迪的假游客并不是唯一想在欧洲过上更好生活的人。

Illegal entries into the EU have surged of late.

最近，非法进入欧盟的人数激增。

Some 281,000 have been logged since the start of the year, up by 77% since 2021.

自今年年初以来，已有约28.1万非法移民被记录在案，比2021年增长了77%。

The latest available figures show that in August alone some 84,500 asylum applications were lodged in the EU and its neighbours (this excludes Ukrainians, who need not apply for asylum to live in the EU for up to three years).

最新数据显示，仅8月份，欧盟及其邻国就提交了约8.45万份庇护申请（这不包括乌克兰人，欧盟向乌克兰人提供最多三年居住权，并且不需要申请庇护）。

That is the most in any month since a wave of arrivals in 2015-16 caused a migration crisis that roiled the continent.

这是自2015-2016年移民潮导致移民危机，扰乱欧洲大陆以来，移民人数最多的一个月。

Back then, the picture of a drowned Syrian toddler whose body had drifted onto a beach was seared into the public mind and prompted a generous - if belated and uneven - response which included Germany taking in more than 1m refugees.

移民危机发生时，一名溺水的叙利亚幼儿的身体漂浮到了海滩上，这一画面深深印在了公众的脑海中，并得到了宽厚的回应，其中仅德国就接收了100多万难民——虽然此时采取行动为时已晚，各国的反应也不尽相同。

So far this year 1,811 deaths have occurred in the Mediterranean, a grim tally.

截至目前，今年地中海已有1811人死亡，这是一个让人感到凄凉的数字。

Amid war in Ukraine and an energy crisis across Europe, few seem to have much noticed.

但由于乌克兰战争和影响整个欧洲的能源危机，似乎很少有人注意到这一点。

A political spat may change that.

一场政治辩论可能会改变这一情况。

On November 11th French authorities reluctantly provided a berth for the Ocean Viking, a rescue boat carrying 230 migrants picked up trying to cross the Mediterranean.

11月11日，法国当局不情愿地为“海洋维京”号提供了一个泊位，这艘救援船载有230名试图穿越地中海的移民。

Italy had for weeks refused to let the boat near its shores; France stepped in to avoid loss of life and denounced its neighbour as behaving “irresponsibly” and in breach of legal norms.

几周来，意大利一直拒绝让这艘船靠近其海岸；法国为避免人员伤亡而介入，并谴责其邻国意大利的行为“不负责任”，违反了法律规范。

Giorgia Meloni, Italy’s new prime minister, had spent her first weeks in office trying to reassure EU partners worried about her hard-right platform and past praise of Mussolini.

意大利新总理乔治·梅洛尼最初上任的几周一直在安抚欧盟的其它成员国，这些国家对她的极右翼纲领和其过去对独裁者墨索里尼的赞扬表示担忧。

Unexpectedly, it had once looked as if she might form an opposites-attract duo with Emmanuel Macron, France’s president, or at least manage a civil relationship.

出人意料的是，过去人们认为梅洛尼或许能够与法国总统伊曼纽尔·马克龙“异性相吸”，或者至少能够达成一段更和平的关系。

That seems unlikely now.

现在看来，这似乎不太可能。