夏季如何迅速降温？(1)

Hi, and welcome to Your Health, Quickly, a Scientific American podcast series!

大家好，欢迎来到《科学美国人》播客系列的“健康快播”栏目!

On this show, we highlight the latest vital health news, discoveries that affect your body and your mind.

在这个节目中，我们会重点介绍影响你身心的最新健康要闻与发现。

Every episode, we dive into one topic. We discuss diseases, treatments and some controversies.

每一集，我们都会深入探讨一个话题。我们讨论疾病、治疗以及一些争议话题。

And we demystify the medical research in ways you can use to stay healthy.

我们揭开医学研究的神秘面纱，你可以借此保持健康。

I’m Tanya Lewis. I’m Josh Fischman. We’re Scientific American’s senior health editors.

我是谭雅·刘易斯。我是乔希·费什曼。我们是《科学美国人》的高级健康编辑。

Today we’re talking about the best way to beat the heat this summer.

今天我们要讨论的是今夏避暑的最佳方法。

Your body has evolved a natural technique for cooling down rapidly, and it’s remarkably effective. We’ll discuss how to take full advantage of it.

你的身体自然而然已经进化出一种快速降温的技能，而且效果显著。我们将讨论如何充分利用这个技能。

It’s hot out. It’s sweltering. The sun beats down on your head. Breezes are distant memories. Welcome to summer!

外面酷热难耐。灼热的阳光照射在你的头上。微风成为了遥远的回忆。欢迎来到夏天!

Hey, it’s not that bad! I prefer warm weather to the cold. I like doing more things outside. It’s easier to convince myself to go for runs and bike rides.

嘿，没那么糟! 比起寒冷的天气，我更喜欢暖和的天气。我喜欢户外活动。这样更容易说服自己去跑步、骑自行车。

And I love those long summer days when it stays light so late out.

时间很晚了但天还亮着，我喜欢这样的漫漫夏日。

Okay, I like summer too. But the fact is heat can be dangerous.

好，我也喜欢夏天。但事实是，高温很危险。

We’ve been getting more and more blistering summer heat waves.

我们正在遭遇越来越多的夏季高温热浪。

About 1,300 people in the U.S. die because of extreme heat every year.

美国每年大约有1300人因极端高温而丧命。

Yeah, and that’s because high heat makes your body work extra hard to cool down. That can lead to heat exhaustion and heat stroke.

是的，那是因为高温会让你的身体格外努力地降温。而这会导致热衰竭与中暑。

Heat can be especially harmful for people with heart and respiratory diseases.

高温对患有心脏和呼吸系统疾病的人尤其有害。

Even when it’s just normally hot, say in the high 80s and 90s, it’s pretty easy to get uncomfortable.

即使温度正常，比如八九十华氏度(约等于二三十摄氏度)，也很容易感到不舒服。

You sweat, you pant, and you just want to cool down fast.

你会出汗、喘气，你只想快点凉快下来。

Everybody’s got their favorite tricks for doing that.

每个人都有自己最喜欢的降温技巧。

After you go running, Tanya, what’s your go-to cool-down method?

谭雅，你跑步后最喜欢的降温方法是什么?

I like to splash water on my face and drink some cold water.

我喜欢把水泼在脸上，喝一些冷水。

Mine is to ditch my shoes and socks as fast as possible, and walk barefoot on a cool floor.

我的方法是尽快脱掉鞋袜，赤脚走在凉爽的地板上。

And it turns out, according to physiologists who study temperature regulation, both our techniques are actually pretty effective strategies.

结果证明--根据研究温度调节的生理学家的说法，我们的两种技巧实际上都是非常有效的策略。

Wow, the cold floor technique really helps?

脚踩凉爽地板的技巧真的有用吗?

Yeah, I didn’t know this, but the soles of your feet and the palms of your hands are keys to fast cool-downs.

我不知道，但脚底与手掌是快速降温的关键。

Some athletes have even started using special cooling gloves to recover quickly after a hot workout.

一些运动员甚至开始使用特殊的降温手套，以便在高温训练后快速恢复。

Hmm, your palms? That’s not very much surface area. It doesn’t seem like they would cool your whole body down, right?

嗯，手掌? 手掌的表面积并不是很大。看起来并不会让你的全身降温，对吧?

I agree. It’s a bit weird. So I turned to one of the scientists working in this area to explain it.

我认同。这有点奇怪。我求助了一位在这个领域工作的科学家来解释。

I’m Craig Heller. I’m a professor of biology at Stanford. I study human temperature regulation and its role in performance.

我是克雷格·海勒。我是斯坦福大学的生物学教授。我研究人体温度调节及其在工作中的作用。