VOA常速英语:Social Scientists Rethink Role of City

短语讲解：

1. “Cities are so fascinating because they play to mankind’s greatest gift, which is our ability to learn from other people.

learn from 向…学习; 从…获得〔吸取〕
例句：Much can be learned from a good teacher.
从一位好老师那儿能学到很多东西。

2. What these new forces have done is they’ve increased the returns to new ideas, to being smart. Because, now if you got a new idea, you can manufacture it on the other side of the planet.

on the other side of站在…一边,赞助
例句：The farm sits on the side of the hill
农场位于山坡上。

3. You can take advantage of some new market opportunity in India or Indonesia or Sub-Saharan Africa.

take advantage of利用
例句：He took advantage of the good weather to go for a walk.
他趁着天气好,出去散散步。

4. If you look across the world, the countries where more than half of the people live in urban areas are more than four times richer, on average, than the countries where less than half of the people live in urban areas.

on average平均起来
例句：We fail one student per year on average.
我们平均每年有一个学生不及格。

5. Cities don’t make people poor, they attract poor people, and they attract poor people by delivering a path out of poverty and to prosperity, a chance to partner with people who have different skills, access to world markets, access to capital that enables poor people, some of them - not all of them - to actually find a way forward.

partner with合伙；合股；成为搭档
例句：He still partnered with Tom.
他仍和汤姆合作。

6. “Building up is an option to avoid building out,” Glaeser says.

build up逐步建立, 增进, 增强,使增大
例句：Many a large and big business has been built up from small ones.
很多大企业都是从小规模发展起来的。
build out增建(一座建筑物的另一部分)
例句：Ten years later, the school built out two buildings.
10年后这个学校又增建了两栋建筑。

7. “The research tends to suggest that doesn’t necessarily require tall buildings at all," Mehaffy says.

tend to趋向
例句：My grandmother tends to go to bed early every day.
我祖母每天通常比较早睡。

8. "We should really focus on what urban living gives to us in the network of relationships, not so much an abstract number like density and 'Let’s just make it absolutely as high as possible and let's have tall buildings,' because once you do that, you start to kick in a lot of negative effects from density.”

focus on集中于; 致力于
例句：Many firms are focusing on increasing their markets overseas.
许多商行都专注于扩大国外市场。
kick in缴付
例句：Mr. Jones said he would kick in with 500 dollars.
琼斯先生说他会缴付500美元。

9. What we really should be doing is thinking about a continuum of different areas of density, more efficient areas clustered around transit oriented development, and frankly, different types of environments for different stages of life and different opportunities.

think about考虑…; 捉摸…
例句：Elinor is thinking about emigrating to the United States.
埃莉诺正在考虑移居美国。