VOA常速英语:On Religious Extremism in Africa(翻译)

At the mention of violent extremism, groups like al Qa’ida and ISIL, and regions like the Middle East usually come to mind.But according to Sarah Sewall, Under Secretary for Civilian Security, Democracy, and Human Rights, violent extremism is on the rise in Africa – in East Africa, West Africa, the Sahel and the Maghreb. The terrorists often try to justify their depravity with religion.
谈到暴力极端主义，像基地组织和伊斯兰国这样的组织，以及中东这样的地区就出现在我们的脑海之中。但是按照平民安全、民主和人权副部长莎拉·休厄尔的说法，暴力极端主义目前正在非洲抬头—遍布东非、西非、西非萨赫勒、以及北非马格里布等地区。恐怖分子们总是试图用宗教来为他们的恶行正名。

“Many violent extremists harness religious claims to cloak their depravity and inspire followers.Sadly, acts of violence in the name of religion are as old as religion itself, and they persist in communities around the world, from so-called honor killings to wife-burnings.”
“许多暴力极端分子利用宗教来掩饰他们的恶行、鼓动他们的追随者。可悲的是，披着宗教外衣的暴力行为由来已久，其历史和宗教本身的历史差不多长，这样的暴力行为目前仍然在全世界各地区留有残余，包括所谓的‘荣誉谋杀’和‘烧妻’。”

Lately we are seeing a new, highly dangerous trend, said Under Secretary Sewall:the rise of organized, heavily armed, non-state actors that justify violence and territorial ambitions with religious ideologies.Groups including al-Shabaab, Boko Haram, al-Qai’da in the Maghreb, and the LRA—the Lord’s Resistance Army--threaten Africa’s every achievement and aspiration.
最近我们目睹了一个新的、非常危险的趋势，副部长休厄尔说道：越来越多有组织的、全副武装的非国家组织者用宗教意识形态来为其暴力和领土野心正名。这样的组织包括索马里青年党、乍得博科圣地、北非基地组织、以及LRA--圣主抵抗军，它们威胁到了非洲的每一个成就和愿望。

“For Africa’s future – and for global security – they must be defeated,” said Under Secretary Sewall.
“为了非洲的未来—同时也为了全球的安全—这些组织必须被打败，” 副部长休厄尔如是说道。

Across the African continent, the United States trains and equips foreign militaries, shares intelligence, and supports police to improve border security. These are well-known elements of our counterterrorism approach in Africa. But we must also attend to the other part of the equation-- preventing the next generation of threat from emerging.We do this through our Countering Violent Extremism effort, or CVE.
在整个非洲大陆，美国训练并且装备外国军队、共享情报、并且支持警方提升边境安全。这些都是我们的非洲反恐怖主义策略中众所周知的做法。但是我们在“疏”的同时也要“堵”—防止下一世代恐怖组织威胁的出现。通过“打击暴力极端主义”行动（简称CVE），我们可以达到这一目标。

CVE stresses the importance of good governance and the engagement of civil society, particularly community and religious leaders,as well as strengthening ties between governments and the communities they serve.
CVE强调良好治理和公民社会参与的重要性—尤其是社区和宗教领袖，同时也强调要加强政府和其所服务社区之间的关系。

In the last two years, the U.S. government has helped lead a shift toward this more localized and preventive approach to violent extremism in Africa and around the world. At the global level, we are helping governments, international NGOs, and multilateral bodies establish counter-messaging centers, develop CVE strategies, engage civil society, and share best practices.
最近两年，美国帮助领导了一个变化，在非洲以及全世界地区，针对暴力极端主义发展出了一个更加本土化、预防性的解决办法。在全球层面上，我们正在帮助政府、国际非政府组织和多边组织建立反恐信息中心、发展CVE策略、参与公民社会事务、并且分享最佳的反恐实践。

The U.S. government has also helped establish networks of researchers, young people, and municipal leaders to support each other in the shared struggle against violent extremism.
美国政府同样帮助建立了研究人员、年轻人和市政领导之间的网络，让他们能够在抵抗暴力极端主义的共同斗争中互相支持。

“The damage wrought by violent extremists measures not only in the blood they spill, but the investments they deter, the textbooks they burn, the women and girls they enslave, the vast human potential they squander,” said Under Secretary Sewall.“This is a struggle for the future of countless communities across Africa.”
“暴力极端主义分子所造成的破坏并不仅仅只意味着他们所造成的杀戮，还包括他们所阻止的经济投资、他们所烧毁的教科书、他们所奴役的妇女、以及他们所挥霍浪费掉的巨大人力潜能，” 副部长休厄尔如是说道。“这是一场事关整个非洲无数社区未来的斗争！”