VOA常速英语:研究发现警察广泛患有睡眠障碍

A new study has found that four out of 10 North American police officers surveyed have some sort of sleep disorder. The researchers say the result can be impaired job performance, as well as a variety of health problems.
一项新研究发现，10名被调查的北美警察中有4人患有某种睡眠障碍。 研究人员称，该结果可能损害工作表现、并造成一系列的健康问题。

Charles Czeisler, a leading sleep researcher at Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women’s Hospital in Boston, he and his colleagues screened police officers in the United States and Canada for possible sleep disorders.
查尔斯·蔡斯勒是哈佛医学院和波士顿布里格姆妇女医院的一位著名睡眠研究家，他和他的同事们筛选出了美国和加拿大可能患有睡眠障碍的警察。

"Forty percent of the nearly 5,000 police officers we studied screened positive for at least one sleep disorder. In this group of thousands of police officers, we found that one-third of them screened positive for obstructive sleep apnea."
“在我们研究的近5000名警察中，有40%的人患有至少一种睡眠障碍。在这群数以千计的警察中，我们发现三分之一的人患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症（打鼾）。”

That made apnea the most common sleep disorder by far.
这使得呼吸暂停成为了目前为止最为普遍的睡眠障碍。

In obstructive sleep apnea, a person repeatedly stops breathing for a brief moment during sleep. That interrupts sleep and often makes it impossible to get the deep sleep you need to be fully rested.
在阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停中，一个人在睡眠中反复短暂地停止呼吸。那会打断人们的睡眠，常常使得你无法得到你需要充分休息的深度睡眠。

This study found both health and job consequences for police officers with sleep disorders.
这项研究发现，睡眠障碍会给警察的健康和工作都造成后果。

"Those who screened positive for obstructive sleep apnea had a 61 percent greater odds of having diabetes and had a 148 percent increased odds of reporting that they had been diagnosed with depression.They also had a 22 percent greater odds of having an occupational injury."
“那些患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症的人患糖尿病的几率要高出61%，确诊患上抑郁的几率要高出148%。们患上职业病的几率也要高出22%。”

Rotating shifts have something to do with the large number of police officers with sleep problems. Working days one week and nights the next can scramble anyone’s sleep. But Czeisler says that’s not the only cause.
轮班工作和大量警察患有睡眠问题有关。这周上白班下周上夜班会扰乱所有人的睡眠。但是蔡斯勒表示说这并不是唯一的原因。

"The single greatest risk factor for obstructive sleep apnea is obesity. And in fact we found that four out of five police officers were overweight or obese."
“阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停最大的危险因素是肥胖。事实上我们发现80%的警察肥胖或者超重。”

One of the agencies in this study, the Massachusetts State Police, had much lower rates of obstructive sleep apnea. Their cops also had a significantly lower rate of obesity than other officers in the study. Czeisler says Massachusetts required its state troopers to pass a fitness test, and equipped each police barracks with a fitness center.
这项研究中的一个机构—马塞诸萨州警察局—的警察患有阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停症的几率要低得多。和这项研究中其他警察相比，该警局警察的肥胖率也要低得多。蔡斯勒表示说马塞诸塞州要求州警通过一项体能测试，并且在每个警察营房都配备了一个健身中心。

"They also made it a requirement that every state trooper spend an hour exercising on each one of their shifts.And that was paid time to work out in those gym facilities."
“他们还要求所有州警在他们每次轮班中锻炼一小时。这个时间是用来让他们在健身房里健身用的。”

The researchers say they think the fitness program resulted in lower rates of obesity. That, in turn, could help reduce the rate of sleep apnea. The Massachusetts program could become a model for other police agencies to reduce obesity rates and sleep apnea among their officers.
研究人员表示称，他们认为是健身计划导致了较低的肥胖率。而那反过来有助于降低患上睡眠呼吸暂停症的几率。马塞诸塞州的项目可以成为其他警局的典范，从而减少他们警员的肥胖率和患上睡眠呼吸暂停症的几率。