VOA常速英语:Human Rights in Burma 2016(翻译)

When it comes to human rights, Burma has made historic progress since 2011, but significant challenges remain.
谈到人权问题，缅甸自从2011年以来已经取得了历史性的进展，但是仍然面临重大挑战。

In April of last year, following a peaceful and competitive election, the National League for Democracy,the then-opposition party chaired by former political prisoner Aung San Suu Kyi, began its five-year term in government.
去年四月，在一场和平而又充满竞争的选举之后，全国民主联盟，在前政治犯昂山素季的主持下，开始了执掌政府的5年任期。

The new government promptly released hundreds of political prisoners and relaxed a number of the laws restricting civil society.However, the Constitution continues to guarantee the military 25% of parliamentary seats,and requires the military to appoint the leaders of the Ministries of Defense, Border Affairs, and Home Affairs, the latter of which controls the police, prisons, and sub-national governance.
新政府即刻释放了数百名政治犯，并放宽了数项限制公民社会的法律。然而，宪法继续保障军队拥有25%的议会席位，并且要求由军方任命国防部、边境事务部、和内政部的领导人，后者控制警察、监狱和次国家级管理。

Furthermore, some provisions of Burmese laws, such as provisions of the Telecommunications Act restricting freedom of speech, do not comport with international standards of democracy and human rights.
此外，缅甸法律的一些规定，例如限制了言论自由的《电信法》，与民主和人权的国际标准并不相一致。

According to the Human Rights Reports for 2016 recently issued by the State Department, the three leading human rights problems in Burma were human rights violations in ethnic minority areas affected by conflict; restrictions on freedoms of speech; and abuses and restrictions against the Rohingya population.
根据美国国务院日前发布的《2016人权报告》显示，缅甸三个主要的人权问题是受冲突影响地区少数民族人权受到侵犯；对言论自由的限制；以及对罗兴亚人的种种罪行和限制等。

Laws that have historically been used to criminalize free speech -- especially against the military -- and peaceful assembly remain in force and have been applied in some cases.
法律被前所未有地用来制裁自由言论——尤其是针对军方的言论，和平集会也仍受到管制，在几起事件中还受到了惩处。

In 2016, security forces were reported to have committed serious abuses, including extrajudicial killings, torture, sexual violence, forced recruitment, and destruction of property.
2016年，安全部队被报道犯下了严重的罪行，包括法外处决、酷刑、性暴力、强迫征兵、以及破坏财产等。

In addition to these abuses, the government continued to deny citizenship to the Rohingya ethnic minority. This resulted in additional human rights violations, including restrictions on movement, limitations on access to health care, livelihood, shelter, and education, arbitrary arrests and detention, and forced labor.
除开这些罪行之外，政府还继续不承认罗兴亚族人的公民身份。而这导致了更多的人权侵犯事件，包括限制人口迁移，对罗兴亚人的医疗保健、工作、住房和教育进行限制，还任意逮捕和拘留、强制劳动等等。

In October and November 2016, security forces responded to violent attacks against Border Guard Police posts with “clearance operations” that are alleged to have included killings, enforced disappearances, torture, sexual violence, and other abuses, resulting in the displacement of at least 100,000 Rohingya.
在2016年10月和11月，安全部队为反击针对边防警察的暴力袭击开展了一场“排雷行动”，犯下了包括谋杀、强迫失踪、酷刑、性暴力、以及其他种种罪行，导致至少10万罗兴亚人流离失所。

While the government took limited action to punish some police officers responsible for abuses, many government and security officials continued to act with impunity.
虽然政府采取了有限的行动来惩罚一些参与罪行的警察，但是许多政府和安全官员仍然逍遥法外。

Promoting human rights and democratic governance is a core element of U.S. foreign policy, said U.S. Secretary of State Rex Tillerson. The Human Rights Reports demonstrate the United States’ unwavering commitment to advancing liberty, human dignity, and global prosperity around the world, including in Burma.
促进人权和民主治理是美国外交政策的一个核心要素，美国国务卿雷克斯·蒂勒森如是说道。《人权报告》显示出了美国坚定不移的承诺——在全世界，也包括缅甸，促进自由、人类尊严、以及全球繁荣。