VOA常速英语:从太空中监测疫情

Rift Valley Fever is one of the viral diseases spread by mosquitoes that affects both humans and livestock in Africa, and Arabian Peninsula.There is no treatment for the infected and those with severe symptoms have only a 50% chance of survival.
里夫特裂谷热是一种由蚊子传播的病毒性疾病，在非洲和阿拉伯半岛对人类和牲畜有极大影响。对感染者没有治疗方法，严重症状的患者存活率只有50%。

Vaccination of livestock helps but only effects then before the outbreak so knowing when it’s about to occur is of crucial importance.But predicting an outbreak has been impossible.
家畜接种疫苗只能在疫情爆发前起作用，所以知道何时发生是至关重要的。但是预测爆发是不可能的。

Analyzing satellite observation suffers the weather patterns,scientists with the University Space Research of Association working at NASA’s Goddard Space Flights Center picked up a curious coincidence.
分析卫星观测受到天气模式的影响，美国宇航局哥达德太空飞行中心的大学空间研究协会的科学家们发现了一个奇怪的巧合。

We notice one thing: every of the observance of RVF had occurred in this Africa during an El Nino event.
我们注意到一件事：每一次裂谷热都正好实在厄尔尼诺现象出现时爆发的。

El Nino and La Nina are two cycles of warm and cold temperatures occurring in the equatorial Pacific.So huge, the day affects the weather systems as far as the Indian Ocean.
厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜现象是在太平洋赤道面发生的两次暖冷温度循环，影响非常巨大乃至这一天影响到了印度洋的天气系统。

And the rain they bring creates a rich environment for disease carrying insects called vectors.
他们带来的雨水为携带疾病的昆虫创造了丰富的环境。

What happened is not only the above normal rainfall but is actually extended.
降雨量不仅仅正常，实际上是延长了。

So instead of having a growing season for about 3 months you end up having 4 to 5 months,this condition’s over a large area like this on Africa would result in the flooding of habitus where these mosquito eggs are blooming of the vectors.
所以比起正常的三个月的生长期，蚊子的生长期将会延长到四到五个月，而这种情况在非洲这样一个大范围内会导致习性的泛滥，这些蚊子卵将会成长为细菌媒介。

A monitoring program funded by the US Department of Defense Health Agency, NASA’s Goddard Space Flights Center,World Health Organization and various country partners supplies about 25 recipients with monthly information about potential risk of outbreaks.
由美国国防部、美国宇航局的戈达德宇宙飞行中心、世界卫生组织和各国合作伙伴资助的监测项目提供了大约25个接受器，每月提供有关潜在爆发风险的信息。

Together with the RVF, it looks at several other vector borne diseases such as Hantavirus, Chikungunya and Dengue.
连同里夫特裂谷热，它们也探测其他媒介传播的疾病，如汉坦病毒，基孔肯亚病和登革热。

We are able to mark what’s going on around the world on a daily bases.We basically can determine what anomalies lead to particular outbreaks.
我们可以在日常生活中标出世界各地正在发生的事情。我们基本上可以确定是什么异常导致了特殊的疫情爆发。

Anyamba says more outbreaks will be prevented as the program gains more visibility among governments and non-government organizations in affected countries.
Anyamba说，如果能在政府和非政府组织之间获得更多的知名度，此项目将会预防更多疫情的爆发。

The predictions are also posted on the website of the US Department of Agriculture’s Center for Medical and Veterinary and Entomology.
这些预测也刊登在了美国农业部兽医和昆虫学中心的网站上。

George Putic, VOA News, Washington.
George Putic，美国之音新闻，华盛顿报道。