VOA常速英语:Scientists: Rivers in Africa, Asia Responsible for Most Ocean Plastic Waste

In India, she is known as mother Ganges,the sacred water weight so revered that Prime Minister Narendra Modi celebrated his election win there in 2014 with a pledge to clean up the river.He has much work to do.The Ganges is among 10 river systems that researchers say are responsible for transporting 90% of plastic pollution into the world’s oceans.
在印度，她被称为母亲河恒河，神圣极为神圣以至于总理纳伦德拉·莫迪在此庆祝他2014年的当选，当时他承诺要清理河道。他有的忙了。研究人员说，世界上有10个河流系统应对每年百分之九十被运送到世界各地的塑料废物负责，恒河即为其中一个。

So it seems that larger rivers preferentially transport plastic and these are rivers with a large population.You could reduce river plastic loads tremendously by focusing on these 10 rivers.
所以看来，较大的河流会优先运输塑料，这些河流流经地人口众多，所以可以通过关注这十条河流来减少河道运输塑料量。

Two of the rivers are in Africa, the Nile and the Niger while the remaining eight are in Asia, the Ganges, Indus, Yellow, Yangtze, Haihe, Pearl, Mekong and Amur.The researchers analyzed studies that examine the plastic load in rivers and compared these figures to the quantity of waste that is not disposed of properly in each river catchment.The results suggest reducing waste in these rivers would go a long way to tackling ocean plastics.
其中两条河流在非洲，是尼罗河和尼日尔河，其余八条在亚洲：恒河、印度河、黄河、长江、海河、珠江、湄公河和阿穆尔河（黑龙江）。研究人员分析了河流中塑料含量的研究结果，并将这些数字与每一流域未妥善处理的废物数量进行了比较。研究结果表明，减少这些河流中的废物将大大有助于海洋塑料的处理。

Actually it’s very simple. You have to improve waste management, particularly in the developing countries,with rapid economic growth, so this is a waste management problem there.But globally not exclusively developing countries littering is the other source of river plastics.The ecological consequences are difficult to foresee.It is already deeply affecting marine life, so called micro-plastics found in cosmetics are often mistaken for food.
其实说简单也不难，必须从废物管理开始改善，特别是在经济的快速增长某些发展中国家，因此这实质上是一个废物管理问题。但也不完全是发展中国家，在全球范围内乱扔垃圾是河流塑料的另一个来源。生态后果是很难预见的，它已经深深地影响了海洋生活，所谓的“微塑料”在化妆品中常被误认为是食物。

One recent study calculated that humans eat up to 11000 plastic fragments in their see food every year.The micro-beads, there might be more harmful for aquatic life but the larger pieces over time,they are brittle and form a secondary source of micro-plastics.
最近的一项研究计算出，人类每年吃海鲜就能吃掉多达11000个塑料碎片。微珠可能对水生生物有害，但随着时间的推移，碎片变大，易碎，将会形成微塑料的次级来源。

It’s estimated that just five percent of plastics are recycled effectively.Total global plastic production was 322 million metric tonnes in 2015 that is expected to quadruple by 2050.
据估计，只有百分之五的塑料被有效地回收利用。2015的全球塑料产量为3亿2200万公吨，预计在2050年底翻两番。

Henry Ridgwell for VOA News, London.
美国之音新闻Henry Ridgwell，伦敦报道。