VOA常速英语:Russia, China Aggression ’Stress-Testing’ Resolve of West, Report Says

Russian forces this week seized three Ukrainian naval vessels in the Sea of Azov of Crimea, the territory Russia forcibly annexed in 2014.
俄罗斯军队本周在克里米亚半岛亚速海海域截获了三艘乌克兰舰船。2014年，俄罗斯强行吞占该海域。

Moscow claims these are Russian waters.
莫斯科方面称该领域隶属于俄国。

But a 2003 deal between Moscow and Ukraine agreed the Sea of Azov would be Shared.
但早在2003年，莫斯科和乌克兰就已达成协议，同意共享亚速海海域。

Ukraine warns its black sea ports are being cut off.
乌克兰警告说，黑海海港已被切断。

A bridge built by Russia linking it with Crimea now limits the size of ships able to navigate the Kerch Strait.
俄国修建了一座连接克里米亚半岛的桥梁，该桥现在限制体积恰好可以通航刻赤海峡的船只。

The aim is to change the facts on the ground part of the Kremlin strategy of stress testing the West, says the co-author of the strategic survey .
此举是为了改变克里姆林宫基于对西方国家进行的“压力试探”战略，该战略调查的共同作者这样说道。

Report Nick Redmond.
请看Nick Redmond的报道。

Testing tolerances are probing for weaknesses, getting a measure of the resolve of other states by acts that are generally aggressive but below the threshold of something that would obviously require a military response.
压力测试是为了寻找弱点，衡量其他国家的决心。通过具有普遍攻击性又不足以引发军事回应的行为

The IISS report describes a contest between settled vs. Challenger powers.
国际战略研究所的报告称这是一场和平解决与权力挑战之间的较量。

Iran is also accused of conducting tolerance warfare using the Revolutionary Guards Corps and proxies across the Middle East to destabilize other countries like Syria.
伊朗也被指控利用革命护卫队和中东地区的委托方进行军事挑衅，以破坏叙利亚等国的和平稳定。

Beijing’s activities in the South China Sea are also seen as part of a strategy to test Western resolve in that arena.
北京当局在中国南海的活动也被视为是在该领域探测西方决心的部分战略。

China has used not its Navy but says its Coast Guard or some other at water capabilities in order to slowly push the envelope in the South China Sea.
中国没有派遣海军，只安排了海岸警卫队或其他具有水上能力的队伍，以便逐步覆盖南海领域的管控。

And I don’t see the island building campaign and then the the growth of infrastructure around.
我并没有看到岛屿建设行动以及周边基础设施增多。

There is about without directly confronting anyone nevertheless changing facts on the Ground.
尽管现状有所改变，但没有出现正面交涉。

So how should those on the receiving end of Tolerance warfare respond?
那么要终结这场容忍之战的人该如何应对呢？

Redmond cites Britain’s reaction to the attempted chemical poisoning of a former double agent Soyal earlier this year which London blamed on the GRU, the intelligence branch of Russia’s armed forces.
Redmond引用了英国对今年早些时候一名前双重间谍Soyal被毒未遂的回应，伦敦将此归咎于俄方军事情报总局。

What we saw was a powerful asymmetric response sanctions, tremendous degree of Allied solidarity over diplomatic expulsion and then an information operation overseveral months to systematically expose GRU activity.
我们看到的是强有力的不对等反应制裁，是盟军对外交驱逐的密切团结，以及随后几个月对俄方军事情报总局行动的信息反馈。

The report’s authors say a new era of geopolitical competition urgently requires new rules governing international behavior but negotiating such a global framework is fraught with difficulty.
报告的作者称，处于地缘政治竞争的新时代，我们迫切需要管控国际行为的新规则，但一个全球框架下的谈判充满了困难。

Henry Ridgwell for VOA news London
美国之音，伦敦，Henry Ridgwell 报道