内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(11)
内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(11)
◆nervous adj.
表示对某事感到紧张或害怕等,通常用与介词 about, of 连用。如:
Don’t be nervous (about it). The doctor will help you. 医生会帮助你的。
We’re nervous about [of] our first trip abroad. 我们对初次出国旅行感到很紧张。
He’s nervous about [of] staying alone at night. 他害怕晚上一个人呆着。
◆news n.
1. 表示“消息”、“报道”,是不可数名词。如:
现在报道几条有趣的新闻。
误:Here are some interesting news.
正:Here is some interesting news.
正:Here are some interesting pieces [items] of news.
2. 表示“有关……的消息或报道等”,通常后接介词 of, about。如:
Have you heard the news about [of] him (the accident)? 你听说过他(这个事故)的消息吗?
What’s the latest news about the election? 选举的最新消 息是什么?
◆newspaper n.
1. 表示“报纸”,可视为 news(消息) 和 paper(纸)组合而成,但两者均为不可数名词,而 newspaper作为供人阅读或传递信息的一种东西—报纸,它是可数的。如:
我进来时他在读报纸。
误:When I entered he was reading a piece of newspaper.
正:When I entered he was reading a newspaper.
比较:a piece of news (paper) 一条新闻(一张纸)
但是值得注意的是:若不是将 newspaper当作是供阅读或传递信息的一种东西,而是把它仅仅当成一种“纸”来看待,则也可用作不可数名词。如:
Wrap it in (a sheet of) newspaper. 用(张)报纸把它包起来。
2. 其前用介词 in 和 on, 含义有差别:
Look, there is a photo in the newspaper. 瞧,报上登有一张照片。
Look, there is a photo on the newspaper. 瞧,报上放有一张照片。
◆next adj.,adv. & n.
1. 表示“下一个(次)”等,可用作形容词、副词、名词等。如:
Next Sunday is May 10. 下一个星期天是
When you come next, bring it. 你下次来时,把它带来。
Next, please. 下一位。(主要用于招呼依次等候者)
2. 与 week, month, year, term, Monday 等表示时间的名词连用时,由于本身已具有副词性质,在句中用作状语时,其前无需用介词。如:
I will go abroad next year. 我明年要出国。
We’ll study physics next term. 下期我们将学物理。
注:若将 next 置于时间名词之后,则可用介词。如:
I will return on Monday next (=next Monday). 我下周星期一回来。
3. 用于 (the) next time, 可用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“下一次”。其中的冠词可以省略。如:
I’ll tell him about it (the) next time I see him. 我下一次见到他时,我就把这个情况告诉他。
Next time I take a cab, I’ll be more careful. 下次坐出租车我会更小心了。
注:有时用作副词,表示“下一次”,在句中作状语,与单独用的 next 大致同义。比较:
你下次来时,务必要把你的女朋友带来。
正:Next time you come, be sure to bring your girlfriend.
正:When you come next, be sure to bring your girlfriend.
正:When you come next time, be sure to bring your girl friend.
3. 用于 next to, 其基本义为“紧挨着”、“在……旁边”、 “仅次于”等。如:
The hotel is next to the church. 旅馆就在教堂隔壁。
It is the largest city next to
Next to your mother, who do you love most? 除你母亲外,你最爱谁?
有时用于引申义,表示“几乎”、“近于”。如:
A:How much did these things cost? 这些东西花了多少钱?
B:Next to nothing. 几乎没花钱。
It’s next to impossible to cure his illness. 要治好他的病几乎是不可能的。
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