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内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(11)

2017-09-25来源:和谐英语

 

 

3. 用作名词,表示主动给予或提供某物,其后通常接 of 短语或不定式。如:

Thank you for your offer of help [to help]. 谢谢你愿意提供帮助。

He promised to make an offer of support (food). 他答应愿给予支持(食物)。

用作名词,也可表示“出价”。如:

He made me an offer of 300 dollars. 他向我开价300美元。

I’ve had an offer of $2000 for the piano. 有人已出两千美元买这部钢琴。

 

office n.

1. 表示“办公室”、“办公机构”。若表示去办公室上班,其前通常要用冠词,虽然有时也省去,但很少见。如:

I don’t have to go to the office on Sundays. 星期日我不必去办公室上班。

You didn’t go to (the) office today? 你今天没去办公?

2. 表示“公职”、“职务”、“职责”等,通常为可数名词。如:

He has a very high office in the Government. 他在政府里担任很高的职务。

Many offices in France could be bought. 在法国有许多职务可以用钱买到。

注:在某些短语中,可是不可数的。如:in office(执政,当权),out of office(不执政,不当权),take office(就职,上任),come

into office(上任,就职),leave office(离职)等。

 

often adv.

1. 表示“经常”,通常放在行为动词之前,特殊动词(助动词、情态动词以及动词 be)之后。如:

He was often late for class. 他上课经常迟到。

He often goes out with her. 他经常同她一起出去。

The boys have often been there. 孩子们经常去那儿。

有时为了强调,也可放在特殊动词之前,甚至句首或句末。如:

He was often ill. /He often was ill. 他经常生病。

He often writes to me. /He writes to me often. 他经常给我写信。

若受副词修饰(加强语气或强调),也通常位于句末或句首。如:

We go to the cinema quite [very] often. / Very [Quite]

often we go to the cinema. 我们经常去看电影。

2. 用于 as often as, 起连词作用,相当于whenever, 意为“每当”。如:

As often as I tried to ring him, the line was engaged. 每次我给他打电话都占线。

 

once adv. & conj.

1. 用作副词,表示“一次”,是频度状语,通常放在句末;表示“曾经”、“一度”,是表示不确定时间的副词,通常放在行为动词之前,特殊动词(助动词、情态动词、动词 be)之后,有时也可放在句首。如:

I’ll help you once but then you must do it by yourself. 我只帮你一次,但以后你就得自己做了。

This novel was once very popular but nobody reads it today. 这本小说曾经很受欢迎,但现在没有人读了。

注:表示“一次”的 once 还经常与 a, every 等连用。如:

We have a meeting once a week. 我们每周开会一次。

He goes home once every six months. 他每半年回家一次。

2. 用作连词,引导时间状语从句,注意从句要用现在时表示将来意义。如:

Once you begin, you must continue. 你一旦开始,就必须进行下去。

Once you talk to him, you’ll know he’s a good person. 你只要同他谈谈,你就会知道他是个好人。

所引导从句的主语若与主句主语一致,有时也可用其省略结构,被省略部分通常(并不总是)包括有动词 be。如:

Once (it is) printed, the book will be very popular. 一旦出版,这本书会大受欢迎。

Once having made a promise, you should keep it. 你一旦许下诺言,就该遵守。

3. 比较 at once 与 all at once: 前者表示“马上”或“同时”;后者表示“突然”。如:

Come here at once. 马上过来。

Don’t all speak at once. 不要一起说。

All at once we heard a loud noise. 突然我们听到一声巨响。