内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(11)
5. 与表示动作的名词或动名词连用,表示动宾关系。如:
The writing of the letter took me three hours. 写这封信花了我3个小时。
Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth. 失去财富比失去健康更糟。
6. 表示比较范围,意为“在……当中”。如:
Of all the choices, this is the best. 在所有选择中,这种最好。
Of the two coats, the black one is the better. 在这两件外套中,这件黑色的更好些。
7. 与 nice, kind, good, right, wrong, clever, wise, stupid, silly,
foolish, rude, polite, impolite, careless, cruel, friendly等表示人的品行和特点的形容词连用,用于 It’s+adj. +of sb (to do sth)句型。如:
It is nice (foolish, clever) of you. 你真好(蠢,聪明)。
It was stupid of him to believe what she said. 他真蠢,相信她说的话。
◆off prep. & adv.
1. 可用作介词或副词,基本义为“离开”、“脱落”、“中止”等。如:
I’m afraid I must be off now. 恐怕现在我得走了。
Take off your hat in the house. 在室内请脱帽。
We are off for [to]
He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。
Is the radio on or off? 收音机是开着的还是关着的?
2. 用来指时间或距离有多远,与 away 同义,有时可换用。如:
The exam is only two weeks off [away]. 考试只两周了。
The school is about two miles off [away]. 学校离这里大约两英里。
3. 表示休假或不工作,若用作副词,则放在名词之后;若用作介词,则放在名词之前。如:
I’ll have four days off. 我要休四天假。
I’ll take the afternoon off. 我今天下午休息。
Mr Smith is off duty today. 史密斯先生今天不上班。
He practised playing the piano in his off hours. 他在业余时间练习弹钢琴。
◆offer v.
1. 用作动词,表示主动给予或提供某物,其后可接双宾语,若双宾语易位,用介词 to。如:
给客人们来点咖啡。
正:Offer the guests some coffee.
正:Offer some coffee to the guests.
表示主动愿意做某事,其后可接动词不定式,但不接动名词或从句。如:
他表示可以借给我一些钱。
误:He offered lending me some money.
误:He offered that he could lend me some money.
正:He offered to lend me some money.
2. 除表示主动提供外,还有一个常见用法是,表示在买卖中出价。比较以下句子:
He offered me the computer for 500 dollars. 他开价500 美元把那部电脑卖给我。
He offered me 500 dollars for the computer. 他出价500 美元向我买那部电脑。
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