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内部讲义:常考词的语法与用法(11)

2017-09-25来源:和谐英语

 

 

5. 与表示动作的名词或动名词连用,表示动宾关系。如:

The writing of the letter took me three hours. 写这封信花了我3个小时。

Loss of health is worse than loss of wealth. 失去财富比失去健康更糟。

6. 表示比较范围,意为“在……当中”。如:

Of all the choices, this is the best. 在所有选择中,这种最好。

Of the two coats, the black one is the better. 在这两件外套中,这件黑色的更好些。

7. 与 nice, kind, good, right, wrong, clever, wise, stupid, silly,

foolish, rude, polite, impolite, careless, cruel, friendly等表示人的品行和特点的形容词连用,用于 It’s+adj. +of sb (to do sth)句型。如:

It is nice (foolish, clever) of you. 你真好(蠢,聪明)。

It was stupid of him to believe what she said. 他真蠢,相信她说的话。

 

off prep. & adv.

1. 可用作介词或副词,基本义为“离开”、“脱落”、“中止”等。如:

I’m afraid I must be off now. 恐怕现在我得走了。

Take off your hat in the house. 在室内请脱帽。

We are off for [to] Paris. 我们要动身去巴黎。

He fell off the ladder. 他从梯子上摔下来。

Is the radio on or off? 收音机是开着的还是关着的?

2. 用来指时间或距离有多远,与 away 同义,有时可换用。如:

The exam is only two weeks off [away]. 考试只两周了。

The school is about two miles off [away]. 学校离这里大约两英里。

3. 表示休假或不工作,若用作副词,则放在名词之后;若用作介词,则放在名词之前。如:

I’ll have four days off. 我要休四天假。

I’ll take the afternoon off. 我今天下午休息。

Mr Smith is off duty today. 史密斯先生今天不上班。

He practised playing the piano in his off hours. 他在业余时间练习弹钢琴。

 

offer v.

1. 用作动词,表示主动给予或提供某物,其后可接双宾语,若双宾语易位,用介词 to。如:

给客人们来点咖啡。

正:Offer the guests some coffee.

正:Offer some coffee to the guests.

表示主动愿意做某事,其后可接动词不定式,但不接动名词或从句。如:

他表示可以借给我一些钱。

误:He offered lending me some money.

误:He offered that he could lend me some money.

正:He offered to lend me some money.

2. 除表示主动提供外,还有一个常见用法是,表示在买卖中出价。比较以下句子:

He offered me the computer for 500 dollars. 他开价500 美元把那部电脑卖给我。

He offered me 500 dollars for the computer. 他出价500 美元向我买那部电脑。