英语修饰格学习资料——Simile（明喻）

一、基本概念

Simile（明喻）是一种最简单、最常见的修辞方法，与汉语的明喻相似，它指的是将具有共性的不同事物或现象作对比，表明本体和喻体的关系。在明喻中，本体和喻体均同时出现在句中，在形式上是相对应的。注意，用于对比的事物或现象之间的共性存在于人们的心里，而不是事物的自然属性。

二、基本格式

基本格式：本体 + 显著比喻词 + 喻体

三、常见标志词

Simile的常用标志词有 like, as, seem, as if, as though, similar to, such as等。

1. 介词：like 等；

2. 连词：as, as if, as though, as...so, what等；

3. 动词：seem, compare...to, liken...to, bear a resemblance to 等；

4. 名词：comparison, resemblance 等；

5. 形容词：akin to, similar to, be analogous to 等；

6. 短语： as it were, no more...than, be something of, be something like等；

7. 句式：As…, so…; As A is to B, so C is to D; A is to B as [what] C is to D等。

四、典型实例

■akin to 与……相似（相同）

Plagiarism is akin to theft. 剽窃与偷窃性质相同。

They speak a language akin to French. 他们说一种类似法语的语言。

■analogous to [with] 与……相似

This proposal was analogous to/with the one we discussed at the last meeting. 这项提案与上次会议上我们讨论过的那份提案相似。

The present crisis is analogous with the situation immediately before the war. 目前的危机与大战前夕的形势类似。

■as 像……一样

He’s not as honest a man as I thought. 他不像我想象的那样诚实。

The work is not so easy as you imagine. 这工作不像你想象的那么容易。

He did not need to keep moving house, as his father had. 他没有像他爸爸那样不停地搬家。

■as...as 像……一样

He was as cold to her as formerly. 他对她还是像过去那样冷淡。

His eyes aren't quite as blue as they look in the film. 他的眼睛不像在电影里见到的那么蓝。

The ground is as hard as stone after the drought. 长期干旱之后土地硬得就像石头一样。

■as if 好像，像……似的

He looked as if he had seen a ghost. 他那副惊骇的样子就像见到了鬼似的。

I couldn’t move my legs. It was as if they were stuck to the floor. 我的腿动不了，就好像给固定在地板上似的。

I remember the whole thing as if it happened yesterday. 整个这件事我记得很清楚，就仿佛是昨天发生似的。

He wandered in to see me as if he had nothing else to do. 他遛遛达达进来看我，好像无事可做的样子。

■as though 好像，像……似的

It looks as though you've blown a fuse. 看样子你把保险丝烧断了。

The bedclothes were tumbled (about) as though the bed had been slept in. 床上的被褥都弄乱了，好像有人睡过觉。

He looks as though he hasn’t had a square meal for months. 瞧他那样子 好像几个月没好好吃过一顿饭似的。