美国油价由哪些费用组成？

You may have noticed that lately gas prices are actually going up as high as $6 per gallon in California right now.

你可能已经注意到，最近加州的汽油价格实际上涨到了每加仑6美元。

Nationally gas prices hit their highest point of the year this week at $3.88 per gallon.

本周，全美汽油价格达到了今年的最高点，为每加仑3.88美元。

On average, that's according to the AAA auto club, that means it could cost upwards of 50 bucks to fill up, even a small car.

根据美国汽车协会(AAA)俱乐部的数据，平均来说，这意味着即使是一辆小型汽车，加满油也要花费50美元以上。

That's surprising because gas prices usually go down after Labor Day when the summer driving season ends.

油价高得令人吃惊，因为油价通常会在夏季驾驶季结束的劳动节后下降。

Instead, the national average is about 20 cents higher than this time last year.

与之相反的是，全国平均油价比去年同期高出约20美分。

Some experts say gas prices are likely to drop again soon.

一些专家表示，油价可能很快会再次下跌。

And officials told cnn last week that the White House is taking a wait and see approach for now.

上周, 官员们告诉cnn, 白宫目前采取观望态度。

So what makes gas prices go up and what are you actually paying for at the pump?

那么，是什么导致汽油价格上涨？你在加油站实际花了多少钱呢?

cnn Producer, Jon Sarlin has the answers.

cnn制片人乔恩·萨林将为您带来答案。

What's in a number?

一个数字里包含什么？

Specifically that number. The number everyone can stop noticing these days.

特别是这个数字。这个数字现在已经不再被人注意了。

Well, nationally right now, the price of gas as we're filming this is $4.30 a gallon.

在我们拍摄节目的时候，全美的汽油价格是每加仑4.3美元。

Here in California where we're filming this, it's even higher. The highest in the country. Right now it's $5.70 a gallon.

在我们拍摄节目的加州，这里的油价更高，是全国最高的。现在是每加仑5.7美元。

So what goes in a gallon of gas? Let's break it down.

一加仑汽油的价格里包含什么呢? 让我们来分解一下。

Here in California, they publish a breakdown of what actually goes in the cost of a gallon of gas.

在加州，他们公布了关于一加仑汽油的成本实际包含什么的明细。

So we're -- we're going to focus on them and they use $5.19 a gallon for this. So those are the numbers that we're going to be using.

我们将会关注汽油成本明细，他们以每加仑5.19美元的汽油为例。这就是我们要用的数字。

First up, taxes. There's local, state and federal, and there's a wide variance in state taxes.

首先是税收。有地方税、州税和联邦税，各州的税收差别很大。

The median national excise tax is just over 25 cents a gallon while the lowest is Alaska. It's 8 cents. But here in California, it's $0.51 a gallon.

全国消费税的中位数是每加仑25美分多一点，消费税最低的地区是阿拉斯加，为8美分，而在加州，消费税为每加仑51美分。

Those costs go to things like maintaining roads and infrastructure.

这些费用用于维护道路和基础设施。

Then you have other local state taxes and fees that adds on and another $0.13 dollars.

此外，还要加上其他地方州的税收和费用，再加上0.13美元。

And then there's the national gas tax that adds $0.184 per gallon.

还有国家汽油税，每加仑加上0.184美元。

And this number actually hasn't changed in decades.

这个数字几十年来都没有变过。

So across state houses and federal government, people are calling for a gas tax holiday to help keep the price of gas lower.

州议会大厦与联邦政府的人员呼吁实施汽油税假期，以帮助保持较低的汽油价格。

But others are arguing that no, this is too important. A revenue source to come.

但其他人员不认同这个做法，认为汽油税很重要, 是一个收入来源。

Then it on $0.36 for the distribution, marketing and profits of the gas stations.

再加0.36美元用于加油站的分销、营销和利润。

That money goes towards things like rent, wages, utilities, the cost of the pump, insurance, advertising, and then the gas station's profit. All that in $0.36.

这些钱用于房租、工资、水电费、油泵成本、保险、广告费，还要算上加油站的利润。所有这些是0.36美元。

Then there's the cost of refining the gas. That adds $1.12 per gallon.

然后还有提炼汽油的成本，每加仑再加上1.12美元。

That includes refining the gas, also transporting it and the profits for those companies.

这包括提炼与运输汽油以及这些公司的利润。

Then we get to the biggest piece of the pie, the cost of crude oil. Right now that adds $2.87 per gallon.

接着，我们来看最大的一块费用，原油的成本。现在每加仑再加上2.87美元。