大学英语自学教程 下册 un02

[00:00.00]Unit 2  taxt A  Black Holes
[00:03.04]黑洞
[00:06.09]What is a black hole?
[00:07.11]  什么是黑洞呢?
[00:08.12]Well,it's difficult to answer this question,since the terms we would normally use to describe a scientific phenomenon are inadequate here.
[00:14.11]喔,这个问题很难回答,因为我们通常用来描述一种科学现象的术语用在这里不合适.
[00:20.09]Astronomers and scientists think that a black hole
[00:22.73]天文学家和科学家认为黑洞
[00:25.36]is a region of space (not a thing )
[00:27.94]是一个空间区域(不是一个物体),
[00:30.51]into which matter has fallen and from which nothing can escape not even light.
[00:34.90]物质会陷入其中,而没有物体可以从中逃逸出来.
[00:39.29]So we can't see a black hole.
[00:41.51]--即使是光也不行,所以我们看不到黑洞.
[00:43.73]A black hole exerts a strong gravitational pull and yet it has no matter.
[00:48.42]黑洞产生很强的引力,而它却没有物质.
[00:53.11]It is only space--or so we think.
[00:55.59]它只是空间--或者我们认为是这们.
[00:58.07]How this happen?
[00:59.79]这是怎么发生的呢?
[01:01.52]The theory is that some stars explode when their density increases to a particular point;
[01:05.74]原理是一些星球的密度增长到特定的一个值时就会爆炸.
[01:09.96]they collapse and sometimes a supernova occurs.
[01:13.27]它们崩溃时会产生超新星.
[01:16.59]From earth,a supernova looks like a very bright light in the sky
[01:20.21]在地球上看上去,超新星就像天空中非常耀眼的灯,
[01:23.83]which shines even in the daytime.
[01:26.15]即使在白天也能看到其闪光.
[01:28.48]Supernova were reported by astronomers in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries
[01:32.45]在17,18世纪,天文学家就有了关于超新星的记录,
[01:36.42]Some people think that the Star of Bethlehem could have been a supernova.
[01:40.24]有人认为圣诞星可能是一种超新星.
[01:44.07]The collapse of a star may produce a White Dwarf or a neutron star
[01:48.60]一颗星球崩溃可能产生一颗白矮星或一颗中子星
[01:53.14]a star, whose matter is so dense
[01:58.60]that it continually shrinks by the force of its own gravity.
[02:02.07]--一种物质如此致密以致于它在自身引力下不断地收缩的星体.
[02:05.54]But if the star is very large (much bigger than our sun)
[02:08.67]但如果星球很大(比我们的太阳大得多),
[02:11.79]this process of shrinking may be so intense that a black hole results.
[02:15.97]其收缩过程可能很剧烈,以至于产生了黑洞.
[02:20.15]Imagine the earth reduced to the size of a marble,
[02:23.53]假想一下地球收缩到弹球那么大,
[02:26.91]but still having the same mass and a stronger gravitational pull,
[02:30.84]但仍具有同样的质量和更大强的吸引力,
[02:34.78]and you have some idea of the force of a black hole.
[02:38.20]你就会对黑洞的力量有某种概念.
[02:41.62]Any matter near the black hole is sucked in.
[02:45.16]黑洞附近任何物质都会被吸进去,
[02:48.70]It is impossible to say what happens inside a black hole.
[02:51.68]根本不可能说出黑洞里面发生了什么.
[02:54.65]Scientists have called the boundary area around the hole the event horizon.
[02:59.33]科学家们把这个洞的边缘区域称为"事界".
[03:04.01]We know nothing about events which happen once objects pass this boundary.
[03:07.83]一旦物体超过这个这个边界,我们对所发生的事便一无所知.
[03:11.66]But in theory,matter must behave very differently inside the hole.
[03:15.63]但在理论上,在黑洞里物质的运动肯定与洞外有很大区别.
[03:19.60] For example,if a man fell into a black hole,
[03:22.98]例如:如果一个人掉进黑洞,
[03:26.37]he would think that he reached the center of it very quickly.
[03:29.70]他会认为自己很快就到达了其核心,
[03:33.03]However an observer
[03:37.00]at the event horizon would think that the man never reached the center at all.
[03:40.68]但在"事界"的观察者则认为这个人根本不会到达黑洞的核心.
[03:44.37]Our space and time laws don't seem to apply
[03:50.61]to objects in the area of a black hole.
[03:53.04]我们的时空规律看起来不适用于黑洞里的物体.
[03:55.47]Einstein's relativity theory is the only one which can explain such phenomena
[03:59.44]爱因斯坦的相对论是惟一可以解释这种现象的理论.
[04:03.41]Einstein claimed that matter and energy are interchangeable,