大学英语自学教程 下册 un13

[00:00.00]Unit 13 text A
[00:05.20]Work,Labor,and Play
[00:07.12]工作,劳作和玩
[00:09.04]So far as I know,Miss Hannah Arendt
[00:11.52]  据我所知,汉纳.阿伦特小姐
[00:14.00]was the first person to define the essential difference between work and labor.
[00:17.53]是第一个定义工作和劳作之间本质区别的人.
[00:21.05]To be happy,a man must feel,firstly,free and,secondly,important
[00:25.29]要高兴,首先一个人必须感到自由,其次感到重要.
[00:29.52]He cannot be really happy if he is compelled by society
[00:35.16]to do what he does not enjoy doing,
[00:37.43]如果他被社会强迫做他不喜欢做的事
[00:39.71]or if what he enjoys doing is ignored by society as of no value or importance.
[00:44.08]认为无价值和不重要,他就不会真正高兴.
[00:48.46]In a society where slavery in the strict sense has been abolished,
[00:51.88]在一个严格来说奴隶制已被废除的社会里,
[00:55.30]the sign that what a man does is of social valueis that he is paid money to do it,
[00:59.48]一个人所做的事情具有社会价值的标志是他做此工作得到了报酬,
[01:03.66]but a laborer today can rightly be called a wage slave.
[01:07.19]但今天的劳作者可以恰当地称为薪水的奴隶.
[01:10.71]A man is a laborer if the job society offers him is of no interest to himself
[01:15.34]如果社会提供给他的工作他不感兴趣,
[01:19.96]but he is compelled to take it by the necessity of earning a living
[01:26.73]and supporting his family.
[01:28.56]但他出于谋生和养家的必须而被近接受,这个人就是劳作者.
[01:30.38]The antithesis to labor is play.
[01:32.96]  与劳作相对立的是玩.
[01:35.53]When we play a game,we enjoy what we are doing
[01:38.19]当玩游戏时,我们享受我们所做的事,
[01:40.86]otherwise we should not play it,
[01:42.75]否则我们不会玩,
[01:44.65]but it is a purely private activity;
[01:47.01]但它纯粹是私人活动;
[01:49.37]society could not care less whether we play it or not.
[01:52.09]社会对你玩或不玩游戏是极不关心的.
[01:54.81]Between labor and play stands work.
[01:57.38]  处于劳作和玩之间的是工作.
[01:59.95]A man is a worker
[02:03.72]if he is personally interested in the job which society pays him to do;
[02:07.20]如果一个人对社会付酬给他做的工作感兴趣,他就是工作者;
[02:10.69]what from the point of view of society is necessary labor is
[02:17.64]from his own point of view voluntary play.
[02:20.62]从社会的观点来看,工作是必要的劳作,也是个人以上中自愿的玩.
[02:23.60]Whether a job is to be classified as labor or work
[02:31.04]depends not on the job itself,
[02:35.01]but on the tastes of the individual who undertakes it.
[02:37.74]一件活儿被劳作变或工作,不看其本身而要看承担它的个体的感受.
[02:40.47]The difference does not,for example
[02:44.83]coincide with the difference between a manual and a mental job;
[02:48.02]例如,这个区别与体力劳动和脑力劳动之间的区别并不一致;
[02:51.21]a gardener or a cobbler may be a worker,a bank clerk a laborer
[02:55.83]一个园艺工人或一个补鞋匠可能是工作者,一个银行职员可能是个劳作者.
[03:00.45]Which a man is can be seen from his attitude toward leisure.
[03:03.69]一个人属于哪能一种可以从他对休闲的态度看出来.
[03:06.93]To a worker,leisure means simply the hours he needs to relax
[03:14.06]and rest in order to work efficiently.
[03:16.58]对于一个工作者,休闲只是他为有效地工作而放松和休息的时间,
[03:19.11]He is therefore more likely to take too little leisure than too much
[03:22.44]所以他更可能进行太少的休闲,而不是太多的休闲;
[03:25.77]workers die of coronaries and forget their wives' birthdays.
[03:29.04]工作者可能死于冠状动脉血栓症,忘记他们妻子的生日.
[03:32.32]To the laborer,on the other hand,leisure means freedom from compulsion
[03:35.50]因此对他们来说,会很自然地去想象他们
[03:38.67]so that it is natural for him to imagine
[03:41.15]被迫花在工作上的时间越少,
[03:43.63]that the fewer hour she has to spend laboring,
[03:49.56]and the more hours he is free to play,the better.
[03:52.54]自由自在玩的时间越多,就越好.
[03:55.52]What percentage of the population in a modern technological society are
[04:03.77]like myself,in the fortunate position of being workers?
[04:07.11]  像我这样,幸运地作为工作者的人在现代技术社会里占有多大的比例呢?