大学英语自学教程 下册 un10

[00:00.00]Unit 10 text A
[00:04.00]The Campaign for Election
[00:06.18]竞选大战
[00:08.36]Although presidential elections occur every 4 years,
[00:11.25]  虽然总统单行每四年举行一次，
[00:14.13]many people feel that they do not have a true understanding
[00:20.38]of how presidential campaigns operate.
[00:22.86]许多人感到对竞选大战的动作没有真正的理解。
[00:25.34]The winner in the November general election is almost certain
[00:32.42]to be either the Republican or the Democratic nominee.
[00:35.54]  11月份大选的获胜者几乎肯定是共和党或民主党的提名者。
[00:38.66]A minorparty or independent candidate,such as George Wallace in 1968
[00:42.54]小党派或独立候选人如1968年乔治华莱士,
[00:46.42]John Anderson in 1980,or Ross Perot in 1992 and 1996
[00:50.81]2980年的约翰.安德森或或1992和1996年的罗斯.佩罗,
[00:55.20]can draw votes away from the major-party nominees
[00:58.07]能从大党的提名人那里拉走一些选票,
[01:00.94]but stands almost no chance of defeating them.
[01:03.43]但几乎没有可能战胜他们.
[01:05.91]A major-party nominee has the critical advantage of support
[01:12.78]from the party faithful.
[01:14.54]  大党提名人具有得到党的踏实信徒支持这一关键的优势.
[01:16.30]Earlier in the twentieth century,
[01:18.28]20世纪早期,
[01:20.25]this support was so firm and steady
[01:22.63]这种支持是如此坚定,可靠,
[01:25.00]that the victory of the stronger party's candidate was almost a certainty.
[01:28.88]以至于较强从的党派候选人的胜利几乎是肯定的.
[01:32.76]Warren G.Harding accepted the 1920 Republican nomination at his Ohio home
[01:37.18]活化.G.哈定在俄亥俄州的家乡接受了1920年共和党的提名,
[01:41.59]stayed there throughout most of the campaign and won a full victory simply
[01:45.67]活化.G.哈定在俄亥俄州的家乡接受了1920年共和党的提名,
[01:49.74]because most of the voters of his time were Republicans.
[01:52.68]在竞选大战大部分是共和党党员.
[01:55.62]Party loyalty has declined in recent decades,
[01:58.49]在近几年内,党员对党派的忠诚削弱了,
[02:01.36]but more than two-thirds of the nation's voters still identify themselves
[02:08.81]as Democrats or Republicans,
[02:11.13]但2/3强的国家的投票人依然认为他们自己是民主党人或共和党人,
[02:13.46]and most of them support their party's presidential candidate.
[02:16.44]他们大多支持他们自己党派的总统候选人.
[02:19.42]Even Democrat George McGovern,
[02:21.79]即使民主党人乔治.麦戈文,
[02:24.17]who had the lowest level of party support among recent nominees,
[02:27.55]在近来的候选人中拥有最低水平的党派支持,
[02:30.94]was hacked in 1972 by nearly 60 percent of his party's voters.
[02:35.06]1972年得到了近60%的他的党派投票人的支持.
[02:39.19]Presidential candidates act strategically.
[02:42.01]  总统候选人的行为颇讲究策略.
[02:44.83]In deciding whether to pursue a course of action,
[02:47.47]在决定是否遵循一项行动方针时,
[02:50.11]they try to estimate its likely impact on the voters.
[02:52.98]他们要昼估计一下该方针对投票人可能具有的影响.
[02:55.86]During the 1992 campaign,
[02:58.44]在1992年竞选大战期间,
[03:01.03]a sign on the wall of Clinton's headquarters in Little Rock read,
[03:04.25]在小石城克林顿竞选总部的墙上有一个牌子,
[03:07.48]"The Economy,Stupid."
[03:09.66]上面写"经济.蠢货".
[03:11.84]The slogan was the idea of James Carville,C!inton's chief strategist
[03:16.22]这条标语是克林顿的首席战略家詹姆斯.卡维也纳尔的主意,
[03:20.59]and was meant as a reminder to the candidate and the staff
[03:23.87]意思是作为候选人和竞选班子全体人员警醒语,
[03:27.15]to keep the campaign focusedon the nation's slow-moving economy,
[03:30.48]使这声竞选大战集中在国家缓慢的经济上,
[03:33.81]which ultimately was the issue that defeated Bush.
[03:36.75]这成为最后击败布什的策略.
[03:39.69]As in 1980,when Jimmy Carter lost to Ronald Reagan during tough economic times,
[03:44.56]因为在1980年,在经济困难时期,右米.卡特输给了罗纳德.里根,
[03:49.43]the voters were motivated largely by a desire for change.
[03:52.76]投票人的积极性主要是由改变的愿望激励着.
[03:56.09]Candidates try to project a strong leadership image.
[03:59.07]  候选人尽力突出表现一种强有力的领导形象.