经济学人下载:女人在商界,高处不胜寒

Women in business
女人在商界

Still lonely at the top
高处不胜寒

Several governments are threatening to impose quotas for women in the boardroom. This is a bad idea
一些政府威胁说要女性需要在董事会中占有一定的比例，这不是一个好主意

July 21st 2011 | from the print edition

IN François Ozon’s latest film, “Potiche”, Catherine Deneuve (pictured) plays a trophy wife, a potiche, who spends her days jogging in a scarlet jumpsuit, making breakfast for her cantankerous husband and writing poetry perched on a sofa. But then her husband, the boss of an umbrella factory, is taken hostage by striking workers. Ms Deneuve takes over the factory and charms the workers into returning to work. She jazzes up the products and generally proves that anything a man can do, a woman can do better.
在弗朗西斯．奥宗（François Ozon）最新电影《傀儡》 中，凯瑟琳．德纳芙（Catherine Deneuve，图示）饰演一个有威望的妻子。她每天穿着鲜红色的紧身连衫裤慢跑，为她脾气坏的老公做早餐，栖息在沙发上写诗歌。但是她的丈，一家雨伞厂的厂主，被罢工的工人所扣押。德纳芙夫人接管了工厂，并以哄诱工人重新回到了工作。她重新装饰了产品，并大体上证明了任何男人能做的事情，女人能做得更好。

The film was set in 1977, when the only women in a typical Western boardroom were serving the coffee. Times have changed. These days no one doubts that women can run companies: think of Indra Nooyi at PepsiCo, Carol Bartz at Yahoo! or Ursula Burns at Xerox. Sheryl Sandberg, the number two at Facebook, is more widely applauded than her young male boss, Mark Zuckerberg.
这部电影是以1977年为时代背景，此时在一个普通西方董事会会议室中，仅有的女性是服务咖啡的。时过境迁，而今女性毫无疑问可以经营公司：想象百事可乐公司的英德拉．努依（Indra Nooyi），雅虎的卡罗尔．巴茨（Carol Bartz）或者施乐公司的乌尔苏拉．伯恩斯（Ursula Burns）。Facebook的二把手谢勒尔．桑德伯格（Sheryl Sandberg），比他的年轻的男上司马克．扎克伯格（Mark Zuckerberg）更加广受称赞。

Yet the number of female bosses of large firms remains stubbornly small. Not a single one on France’s CAC 40 share index or on Germany’s DAX index is run by a woman. In America, only 15 chief executives of Fortune 500 companies are women. Britain does better, but not much: five of the FTSE-100 firms have female bosses.
然而，大型公司的女一把手数量仍然相当少。法国CAC-40股价指数或者德国DAX指数所涉及的公司均不是女性所掌控。在美国，财富500强企业中，只有15家的首席执行官为女性。英国方面相对来说好一些，单也不太多。富时指数所涉及的100家公司中，5家拥有女老板。

Several governments, especially in Europe, have decided that radical action is required to increase the number of women in the executive suite. Norway passed a law in 2003 that obliged all publicly listed firms to reserve 40% of the seats on their boards for women by 2008. Spain passed a similar law in 2007; France earlier this year. The Netherlands is working on one.
一些政府，尤其位于欧洲的政府，已经决定为了增加女性在经理层的数量，需要采取根本性的措施。挪威在2003年通过一项法案，要求到2008年，所有公开上市的公司有义务为女性保留董事会中40%的席位。西班牙在2007年通过了一项相似的法案；法国则是在今年早些时候。荷兰正在起草此类法案。