经济学人下载:一周要闻 英国退欧愈演愈烈 鲍里斯开除反水议员 洛杉矶一游船失火

The world this week
本周要闻

Politics
政治

The squabble over Britain’s withdrawal from the European Union intensified in Parliament. MPs in the House of Commons defied the government by passing a bill that seeks a delay to Brexit until January 31st if a deal has not been passed in the chamber by October 19th. Boris Johnson purged the 21 MPs who rebelled against him from the Conservative Party, leaving the prime minister in charge of a government 43 short of a working majority. Mr Johnson now wants to hold an election. He has a lead in the polls—but so did Theresa May before a setback at an election in 2017.
英国退出欧盟的争论在议会中愈演愈烈。下议院的议员们不顾政府反对，通过了一项法案，如果在10月19日前没有达成协议，该法案寻求将英国退欧推迟到1月31日。鲍里斯·约翰逊将21名反水的保守党议员开除党籍，这使他领导的政府距掌握多数席位少了43票。约翰逊如今想举行一次选举。他在民调中领先，但前首相特蕾莎·梅在2017年大选受挫前也处于领先优势。

In what many considered to be a pre-election giveaway, the government outlined plans to increase spending, which for the first time in 11 years would enlarge the size of the British state relative to GDP. Sajid Javid, the chancellor of the exchequer, said that Britain could “afford to turn the page on austerity”.
英国政府概述了增加财政开支的计划，许多人认为这是大选前的“造势”，这将是英国11年来首次扩大财政开支，使其相对于国内生产总值(gdp)的比例扩大。英国财政大臣萨伊德·贾维德(Sajid Javid)表示，英国“有能力翻过财政紧缩的一页”。

HS2, Britain’s controversial high-speed rail project, faced more delays and an estimate for the final bill soared to ￡90bn ($110bn), or ￡260m per mile. The project was planned in two phases and originally costed at ￡30bn in 2010. The escalating price means hs2 is in danger of being derailed.
英国备受争议的高速铁路项目HS2面临更多延误，最终费用预计将飙升至900亿英镑(1100亿美元)，即每英里造价2.6亿英镑。该项目分两个阶段规划，2010年的最初估价为300亿英镑。不断上涨的价格意味着HS2项目有“脱轨”的危险。

Members of the Five Star Movement in Italy voted to accept a new government in coalition with their former enemies, the Democrats, to be headed by the incumbent prime minister, Giuseppe Conte. This means that the plan by the hard-right leader of the Northern League, Matteo Salvini, to force an election has failed, for now.
意大利“五星运动”的成员投票决定接受由现任总理朱塞佩·孔戴领导的新政府，并且与他们以前的敌人民主党联合执政。这意味着北方联盟极右翼领导人马泰奥·萨尔维尼(Matteo Salvini)强迫选举的计划目前以失败告终。

In Germany, the Christian Democrats in Saxony and the Social Democrats in Brandenburg saw off challenges from the hard-right Alternative for Germany in state elections, which means that at the national level, the grand coalition between the cdu and the spd is likely to continue.
在德国，萨克森州的基督教民主联盟和勃兰登堡州的社会民主党在州选举中击败了极右翼的德国另类选择党(Alternative for Germany)，这意味着在全国范围内，基民盟和社民党之间的大联盟很可能会继续。

A military judge set January 11th 2021 as the start date for the trial of the five men accused of plotting the 9/11 attacks. The trial, to be held at Guantánamo Bay, may not happen if it is found that the defendants’ statements were extracted under torture. If it does occur Khalid Sheikh Mohammed and four others will face a court, 20 years after the atrocities.
一名军事法官将2021年1月11日定为审判被控策划911袭击的五名男子的开始日期。审判将在关塔那摩湾进行，如果发现被告的陈述是在酷刑下提取的，审判可能不会进行。如果这一切真的发生，哈立德·谢赫·穆罕默德和另外四人将在暴行发生20年后面临审判。

Thirty-four people died when a fire broke out on a boat chartered for a scuba-diving excursion off the coast of Los Angeles. It was the worst loss of life on a vessel in American waters in four decades.
洛杉矶海岸一艘租赁的潜水船发生火灾，造成34人死亡。这是四十年来美国海域发生的最严重的船只伤亡事故。

Zalmay Khalilzad, the diplomat conducting talks with the insurgents of the Taliban regarding an American withdrawal from Afghanistan, declared that the two sides had reached a preliminary deal. The plan is for a quick withdrawal of 5,400 of the 14,000 American troops in the country, followed by the staggered departure of the remainder, provided the Taliban meet certain conditions.
与塔利班叛乱分子就美国从阿富汗撤军进行谈判的外交官扎勒梅·哈利勒扎德宣布，双方已达成初步协议。该计划是在塔利班满足既定条件的情况下，迅速撤出驻扎在阿富汗的14000名美军中的5400人，其余人于稍后逐步撤离。