经济学人下载:一周要闻 巴基斯坦火车爆炸 泰王妃因不忠被废 IS头目身亡

The world this week
本周要闻

Politics
政治

Alberto Fernández, a Peronist, won Argentina’s presidential election, defeating the pro-business incumbent, Mauricio Macri. Voters blamed Mr Macri for a recession, an inflation rate of more than 50% and a poverty rate that tops 35%. The newly elected vice-president, Cristina Fernández de Kirchner, laid the groundwork for these economic problems when she was president from 2007 to 2015.
庇隆主义者阿尔贝托·费尔南德斯(Alberto Fernandez)赢得阿根廷总统大选，击败亲商的现任总统毛里西奥·马克里(Mauricio Macri)。选民将经济衰退、超过50%的通胀率和超过35%的贫困率归咎于马克里。新当选的副总统克里斯蒂娜·费尔南德斯·德基什内尔在2007年至2015年担任总统期间，为这些经济问题埋下了隐患。

Bolivia’s electoral authority declared that President Evo Morales won re-election, avoiding a run-off by just 0.57% of votes cast. At least two people died and dozens were injured in clashes between his supporters and those of opposition candidate Carlos Mesa, who has accused the government of rigging the vote.
玻利维亚选举委员会宣布总统埃沃·莫拉莱斯（Evo Morales）赢得连任，仅以0.57%的选票优势避免了决胜选举。在他的支持者和反对派候选人卡洛斯·梅萨(Carlos Mesa)支持者爆发的冲突中，至少有两人死亡，数十人受伤。卡洛斯·梅萨指责政府操纵了选举。

Chile’s president, Sebastián Pinera, reshuffled his cabinet and agreed to spend extra money on pensions and health care and to raise taxes on high earners, after 1.2m people demonstrated in Santiago, the country’s capital, against inequality and threadbare public services. At least 20 people died in rioting and arson attacks. Chile cancelled plans to host a summit of Asian and Pacific leaders in November and a UN climate meeting in December.
智利总统皮涅拉改组了内阁，同意在养老金和医疗保健方面增加支出，并提高对高收入者的税收，起因是120万人在智利首都圣地亚哥举行示威，反对不平等和陈旧的公共服务。至少有20人在暴乱和纵火袭击中丧生。智利取消了11月举办的亚太领导人峰会和12月将举行的联合国气候变化会议的计划。

Claudia López, a crusader against corruption, was elected mayor of Bogotá, Colombia’s capital. Ms López is the first woman and first gay person to be elected to the job. The regional elections were a setback for the Democratic Centre party of the president, Iván Duque, who lost control of strongholds like Medellín.
反腐败改革者克劳迪娅·洛佩兹当选哥伦比亚首都波哥大市长。洛佩兹是第一位女性也是第一位同性恋者市长。这场地方选举对民主中心党总统伊凡·杜克来说是个挫折，他失去了对麦德林等据点的控制。

A land divided
边界划分

A constitutional amendment that strips Jammu & Kashmir of statehood and divides it into two territories administered directly by India’s national government came into effect. Life in the Kashmir valley has been severely disrupted since the government announced the change in August, because of restrictions on communications and travel, as well as protests and militant violence.
一项剥夺查谟和克什米尔邦的特殊地位，并将其划分为由印度国家政府直接管辖的两个领土的宪法修正案生效。自从8月份政府宣布这一改变以来，由于通讯和出行受限，以及抗议和武装暴力频发，克什米尔谷地的生活受到严重破坏。

A court in Myanmar sentenced five members of a satirical troupe to a year’s hard labour for mocking the army’s role in politics.
缅甸一个讽刺戏剧团体的五名成员被一家法院判处一年劳教，罪名是他们嘲笑军队在政治中的角色。

King Maha Vajiralongkorn of Thailand dismissed two aides for adultery, a week after he stripped his official mistress of her titles for disloyalty.
泰国国王玛哈·哇集拉隆功以通奸为由解雇了两名助手，一周前，他以不忠为由剥夺了泰国王妃的头衔。

Scores of people died when a gas stove being used by passengers to cook breakfast aboard a train in Pakistan exploded. It was the country’s worst rail disaster in a decade.
巴基斯坦一列火车上，乘客用来做早餐的煤气炉发生爆炸，造成数十人死亡。这是该国十年来最严重的铁路事故。

The pious rapist in charge of Islamic State, Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, killed himself to avoid capture by American soldiers. The jihadist group once controlled territory the size of Britain, but lost its last scrap of land earlier this year. Mr Baghdadi was found in north-west Syria, where he was chased down a tunnel. He detonated a suicide-vest, murdering two of his own children. Donald Trump said: “He died like a dog.”
负责”伊斯兰国“组织的阿布·巴克尔·巴格达迪为躲避美军追捕而自杀。这个圣战组织一度控制着相当于英国大小的领土，但今年早些时候失去了最后一片据点。巴格达迪的尸体是在叙利亚西北部被发现的，当时他被围追进一条隧道内。他引爆了一件自杀式炸弹背心，炸死了自己的两个孩子。特朗普说:“他死得像条丧家之犬。”