VOA常速英语:Many Successes, but Difficult Challenges Ahead in Ending Polio

At one time polio paralyzed hundreds of thousands of children every year.
小儿麻痹症曾一度使每年成千上万的儿童瘫痪。
In Africa alone, it afflicted 75,000 children annually.
仅在非洲，每年就有75000名儿童受到该病的折磨。
Thats no longer the case.
现在情况已经不一样了。
We have just achieved a major milestone in global polio eradication,
我们刚刚实现了全球根除脊髓灰质炎的一个重要里程碑，
with the certification of the African region as well polio virus free.
经证实，非洲地区也已无脊髓灰质炎病毒。
A vaccine ended polio in the developed world more than 50 years ago.
50多年前，一种疫苗结束了发达国家的小儿麻痹症。
In 1988 the global polio eradication initiative decided to end polio in developing countries.
1988年，全球根除小儿麻痹症行动决定在发展中国家消除小儿麻痹症。
Its taken a lot of work: countless volunteers, global leadership, local leadership and the backing of many donors.
这需要大量的工作：无数的志愿者、世界范围内的带头人、当地带头人以及许多捐赠者的支持。
But now the wild polio virus exists only in Afghanistan and Pakistan.
但是现在小儿麻痹症病毒只存在于阿富汗和巴基斯坦。
In both countries there has been a resurgence of the virus in recent years.
近年来，这两个国家的病毒都死灰复燃。
In Pakistan people displaced by violence and conflict,
在巴基斯坦，人们因暴力和冲突而流离失所，
have resettled in communities with poor health services and sanitation.
重新定居的地方保健服务和卫生条件都很差。
Polio virus is very unforgiving in these communities, you know.
脊髓灰质炎病毒在这些社区是非常无情的，你知道。
Theyre densely settled theyre you know, poor sanitation and hygiene.
这些地方人口密集……你知道的，卫生条件很差。
The conditions are very favorable for polio virus transmission to thrive, to be really entrenched there.
这些条件非常有利于脊髓灰质炎病毒的传播，在那里扎根。
Jafari says the eradication program is now helping these communities,
贾法里说，根除小儿麻痹症的行动现在正在帮助这些社区
meet more of their health needs like access to clean water.
满足更多的卫生需求，如获得清洁水。
In Afghanistan the Taliban doesnt allow mass inoculations or house-to-house immunizations.
在阿富汗，塔利班不允许大规模接种疫苗或挨家挨户接种。
If you dont do house-to-house campaigns,
如果你不进行挨家挨户接种，
can you perhaps carry out immunization campaigns in small immunization centers?
能否在小型免疫中心开展免疫运动?
Many small immunization centers in a particular community,
在一个特定的社区里设许多小的免疫中心，
so that families dont have to travel very far to have their children immunized,
这样家庭就不必为孩子接种疫苗而跑很远了，
so were trying to be creative,
所以我们要发挥创造力，
and looking at ways to move our polio eradication efforts forward in those two remaining endemic countries.
并研究如何推动我们在剩下的两个小儿麻痹症盛行的国家根除小儿麻痹症。
Because of the coronavirus pandemic vaccinators in all countries wear masks and gloves.
由于冠状病毒的流行，所有国家的接种人员都戴着口罩和手套。
Global polio eradication is close and the milestones are significant,
全球根除脊髓灰质炎已接近尾声，里程碑意义重大，
but unless the disease is wiped out in Afghanistan and Pakistan,it could once again circulate globally.
但是，除非这种疾病在阿富汗和巴基斯坦被消灭，否则它可能会再次在全球传播。
Carol Pearson VOA news Washington
美国之音新闻，卡罗尔?皮尔森华盛顿报道