英语语法错用词性典型考题(下)
英语语法错用词性典型考题(下)
例8. I was about to go out _________ the telephone rang.
A. when B. suddenly C. as soon as D. directly
【分析】此题很容易误选B,因为从句意看,填入suddenly 后刚好符合“我正要出去,电话铃突然响了”的语境。但从句法来分析,空白处前后各为一个句子,而 suddenly 是副词,显然不承担起连接两个句子的重任。此题最佳答案选A,when 在此用作并列连词,意为“这时(突然)”。又如:
We were about to start, when it rained. 我们正要开始,就下起雨来了。
She was walking down the road when she heard someone shouting for help. 她正在路上走着,突然听见有人呼救。
例9. Don’t _________; no one will hurt you.
A. afraid B. frighten C. fear D. nervous
【分析】此题应选C,其余三项均容易误选:选A不对,因为 afraid 是形容词,Don’t 应接动词原形,若为 be afraid 则也可以;选B不对,因为 frighten 虽为动词,但它为及物动词,其意不是“害怕”,而是“使(某人)害怕”,选它不仅意思不通,而且语法也不对(因为及物动词后缺宾语);选D也不对,因为 nervous 是形容词,不能紧跟在 don’t 之后。
例10. _________ your students against or for the plan made by the teacher?
A. Do B. Can C. Are D. Did
【分析】此题正确答案是C,但很容易误选A,主要是没有意识到其后的 against 是介词,而不是动词。注意:有些介词、形容词、副词等,具有动作意味,不要将其误认为是动词。如:
如果你不去,就让他代你去。
误:If you can’t go, let him instead you.
正:If you can’t go, let him go instead of you.
正:If you can’t go, let him go instead.
注:instead 和 instead of 均含有“代替”、“取而代之”的意思,在汉语中含有动作意味,但它们却不是动词(instead 是副词,instead of 是介词)。
例11. Now some young people hope to _________ for further education.
A. go abroad B. go to abroad C. go to the abroad D. go the abroad
【分析】此题容易误选 B 或 C,将 abroad 误认为是名词。而其实 abroad 是副词,所以此题正确答案为 A。又如:
当心,前面有危险。
误:Look out, there is danger in the ahead.
正:Look out, there is danger ahead.
析:ahead 意为“在前面”,它是副词,而不是名词。