英语语法错用词性典型考题（上）

英语语法错用词性典型考题（上）

英语和汉语不仅在遣词造句、句型搭配、习惯用法等方面有很大的差别，就是在词性方面也有很大的差别，并且这种差别有时会使同学们稍不小心就酿成错误。本文为英语初学者整理了一些比较典的在词性用法上容易出错的例题，希望对大家的学习有所帮助。

例1. _________ he was in Japan, he visited many places.

A. During                B. Since                   C. While                  D. In

【分析】此题容易误选 A，将介词 during 误用作连词。正确答案应为 C。不过此题若改为如下形式，则应选介词 during：

_________ his stay in Japan, he visited many places.

A. During                 B. Since                    C. While                   D. In

但是下面一例要填 while，而不能填 during，因为其后接的已是一个介词短语，所以不宜再用介词 during，而用 while 可将其视为省略句：

_________ at school, he wrote his first novel.

A. During                 B. Since                    C. While                   D. In

可视为 While (he was) at school, he wrote his first novel. 之省略。

例2. I want him to go with us _________ he doesn’t.

A. even                    B. if                         C. even if                 D. if even

【分析】此题容易误选 A，其实应选 C。从语义上看，even 和 even if都可表示“即使”，如：

It was cold there even in July. 那里即使在七月，天气都很冷。

Even if I have to walk all the way I’ll get there. 即使我得一路走着去，我也要走到那里。

Even if we could afford it, we wouldn’t go abroad for our holidays. 即使我们有能力，我们也不去国外度假。

但是两者的词性不同：even 是副词，even if 是连词，

例3. _________ the years slipped by, I thought less about her.

A. With                   B. As                        C. Since                   D. To

【分析】此题容易误选 A，而其实应选 B。虽然 with 和 as 均可表示“随着”，但词性不同：with 是介词，后接名词或代词，而 as 用于此义时是连词，后接句子。比较：

He will improve as he grows older. 随着年龄的增长，他会进步的。

People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 时代变了，人们的观念也会变化。

下题应选答案C，你知道是什么原因了吗？

_________ the development of modern agriculture and industry, more and more waste has been produced.

A. As                       B. For                      C. With                    D. Through

例4. He walked _________ the stage and bowed to the audience.

A. across                  B. cross                    C. crossing               D. acrossing

【分析】此题容易误选B。across 和 cross 均可表示“横过”、“穿过”，但词性不同：across 是介词，cross 是动词。比较：

cross the street 横过马路                           walk across the street 走过马路

cross a river 过河，渡河                           swim across a river 游过河

【分析】此题正确答案应为A。请再看一例：

Don’t _________ the bridge until you come to it.

A. across                   B. cross                    C. through                D. over

【分析】此题最佳答案选B，从题干的句子结构来看，填空处只能填一个动词，而在所给的四个选项中，只有B为动词，其余三个均为介词。