全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告 中英对照

五、切实加强自身建设
5. Effectively promoting self-improvement

自身建设，事关人大及其常委会职权的正确行使和作用的充分发挥。本届全国人大常委会高度重视自身建设，把思想政治建设摆在首位，坚持正确政治方向，并以此引领人大各项工作。
Working on self-improvement helps to ensure that the NPC and its standing committee are able to properly exercise their functions and powers and give full play to their role. This Standing Committee attaches great importance to self-improvement and keeps ideological and political development high on its agenda. It maintains the correct political orientation and uses it to guide all the work of the NPC.

去年3月19日，十一届全国人大一次会议胜利闭幕的第二天，常委会即召开第一次会议，着重就把握人大工作正确政治方向等问题提出明确要求。之后，又专门安排时间，认真学习党的十七大精神和胡锦涛总书记有关重要讲话，进一步统一思想，提高认识。常委会组成人员、专门委员会组成人员一致认为，人大及其常委会是国家权力机关，是十分重要的政治机关。坚持正确政治方向是做好人大工作的根本。人大工作坚持正确政治方向，最根本的是坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一，核心是坚持党的领导。人大及其常委会依法集体行使职权、集体决定问题，坚持正确政治方向要靠大家共同来把握。在人大工作，坚持中国特色社会主义道路，坚持和完善人民代表大会制度，必须进一步认识我国人民代表大会制度与西方资本主义国家政体的本质区别。
This Standing Committee held its first meeting on March 19 last year, the day after the First Session of the Eleventh NPC was successfully concluded. The requirement to maintain the correct political orientation in the work of the NPC was firmly established as the first order of business at that meeting. Time was then set aside for careful study of the guiding principles of the Seventeenth Congress and General Secretary Hu Jintao's important speeches to strengthen ideological consensus and improve understanding. Members of the Standing Committee and the special committees all agree that the people's congresses and their standing committees are organs of state power and extremely vital political institutions. Maintaining the correct political orientation is essential to the success of the work of the people's congresses. The most fundamental aspect of this effort is to organically integrate the leadership of the Party, the position of the people as the masters of the country and the rule of law, and the core of this effort is to uphold the leadership of the Party. The people's congresses and their standing committees exercise their functions and powers and decide on issues collectively in accordance with the law, so maintaining the correct political orientation depends on each and every person involved. To keep to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and uphold and improve the system of people's congresses in their work, we must more fully recognize the essential differences between the system of people's congresses and Western capitalist countries' system of political power.

一要充分认识人民代表大会与西方议会的本质区别。我国的政党制度，是中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度，不是西方的多党制。中国共产党是领导核心，是执政党，各民主党派是参政党。县乡人大代表是按选区直接选举产生的。县级以上人大的代表由下一级人民代表大会选举产生，并按照选举单位组成代表团参加代表大会。我们的人民代表大会中没有议会党团，也不以界别开展活动。无论是代表大会，还是常委会或专门委员会，都不按党派分配席位。我们的人大代表、常委会组成人员、专门委员会组成人员，无论是共产党员，还是民主党派成员或者无党派人士，肩负的都是人民的重托，都在中国共产党领导下依法履行职责，为人民服务，根本利益是一致的。
First, we must fully understand the essential differences between China's people's congresses and Western congresses and parliaments. China's system of political parties is a system of multiparty cooperation and political consultation under the leadership of the CPC, not a Western-style multiparty system. The CPC is at the core of the country's leadership and the ruling party, while the democratic parties are participating parties. Deputies to the people's congresses representing counties and townships are elected directly by their constituencies. Deputies to the congresses above the county level are elected indirectly by the people's congress at the next lower level, who then form delegations on the basis of their constituencies to attend sessions of their people's congresses. The people's congresses have no congressional party groups, and they do not carry out activities on the basis of sectors of society. No seats are assigned on the basis of parties in either the people's congresses, their standing committees or their special committees. All deputies to the people's congresses, members of their standing committees and members of their special committees shoulder the great trust of the people and fulfill their responsibilities to serve the people under the leadership of the CPC in accordance with the law, no matter whether they are Communists, members of the democratic parties or persons without party affiliation, and they all share the same fundamental interests.

二要充分认识人大和“一府两院”的关系与西方国家国家机关间关系的本质区别。我国是由人民代表大会统一行使国家权力，“一府两院”由人大产生，对人大负责，受人大监督。各国家机关分工不同、职责不同，都在中国共产党领导下、在各自职权范围内贯彻落实党的路线方针政策和宪法法律，为建设和发展中国特色社会主义服务，不是西方的“三权分立”。人大根据党的主张和人民的意愿，通过制定法律、作出决议，决定国家大政方针，并监督和支持“一府两院”依法行政、公正司法，保障各国家机关协调有效地开展工作，把人民赋予的权力真正用来为人民谋利益。
Second, we must be fully aware of the essential differences between the people's congresses' relationship to the governments, the people's courts and the people's procuratorates and the relationships between state organs of Western countries. The people's congresses exercise state power in a unified way, and the governments, the people's courts and the people's procuratorates are all created by them and are responsible to them and subject to their oversight. Although China's state organs have different responsibilities, they all adhere to the line, principles and policies of the Party, enforce the Constitution and laws within their respective jurisdictions under the leadership of the CPC and work to build and develop socialism with Chinese characteristics. The system of people's congresses is not a Western system with the separation of the three powers. The people's congresses decide on the major principles and policies of the state by formulating laws and passing resolutions in accordance with the stands of the Party and the will of the people. They oversee and support the governments in carrying out their administrative functions in accordance with the law. They also oversee and support the people's courts and the people's procuratorates in exercising their judicial functions fairly. They ensure that state organs carry out their work in a coordinated and effective manner. In addition, they use the power granted to them by the people to truly further their interests.

三要充分认识人大代表与西方议员的本质区别。我们的全国人大代表，来自各地区、各民族、各方面，人口再少的民族也至少有一名代表，具有广泛的代表性，不像西方议员是某党某派的代表。我们的人大代表，生活在人民中间，同人民群众保持密切联系。我们的人大代表，有各自的工作岗位，对党和国家的方针政策、宪法法律的贯彻实施情况体会最深刻，对现实生活中的实际问题了解最深入。我们的人大代表，是通过会议的方式依法集体行使职权，而不是每个代表个人直接去处理问题，各级人大常委会办事机构是代表的集体参谋助手和服务班子。
Third, we must be fully aware of the essential differences between deputies to the NPC and members of Western parliaments and congresses. Deputies come from every region, ethnic group and sector of society of the country, and there is at least one deputy from each ethnic minority group no matter how small its population is. Deputies are therefore broadly representative and they do not represent a single party or group as members of Western parliaments and congresses do. Deputies live among the people and maintain close ties with them. They all hold posts in their respective fields of endeavor and fully understand how the principles and policies of the Party and the government and the Constitution and laws are implemented and the practical problems of daily life. Deputies exercise their lawful duties and powers collectively at meetings, rather than each deputy addressing problems directly and separately from other deputies. Functional organs of the standing committees of the people's congresses at all levels collectively advise, assist and serve the deputies.

大家强调，坚持人大工作正确政治方向，核心是坚持党的领导。中国共产党是中国特色社会主义事业的领导核心。党的领导只能加强，不能削弱。通过深入学习讨论，大家更深刻地领会了邓小平同志所指出的“在中国这样一个大国，没有共产党的领导，必然四分五裂，一事无成”“中国由共产党领导，中国的社会主义现代化建设事业由共产党领导，这个原则是不能动摇的；动摇了中国就要倒退到分裂和混乱，就不可能实现现代化”等重要论断，进一步增强了坚持党的领导的自觉性和坚定性，增强了坚持走中国特色社会主义道路的自觉性和坚定性，增强了坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的自觉性和坚定性。要通过人大工作，确保党的主张经过法定程序成为国家意志，确保党组织推荐的人选经过法定程序成为国家政权机关的领导人员。人大各项工作，都要有利于加强和改善党的领导，有利于巩固党的执政地位，有利于保证党领导人民有效治理国家。
Members of the Standing Committee and the special committees all strongly believe that the key to maintaining the correct political orientation in the work of the NPC is to uphold the leadership of the Party. The CPC is the core of the leadership for building socialism with Chinese characteristics. Leadership by the Party can only be strengthened and in no way weakened. Through thorough studies and discussions, we have gained a more thorough understanding of the important points made by Comrade Deng Xiaoping, including: "Without the leadership of the Party a big country like China would be torn by strife and incapable of accomplishing anything." "China and its socialist modernization must be led by the Communist Party. There can be no wavering from this principle. Without it China would regress and become divided and chaotic, and modernization would become impossible." We have therefore become more purposeful and resolute in upholding the Party's leadership, in keeping to the path of socialism with Chinese characteristics and in adhering to and improving the system of people's congresses. Through the work of the NPC, we must ensure that the stands of the Party become the will of the state through legally stipulated procedures and that the personnel recommended by Party organizations become the leaders of the organs of state power through legally stipulated procedures. The work of the NPC must all be conducive to strengthening and improving the leadership of the Party, consolidating its position as the ruling party and ensuring that it is able to lead the people in effectively running the country.

大家指出，中国特色社会主义政治发展道路，是中国共产党领导中国人民选择的符合我国国情的唯一正确道路，是我国发展社会主义民主政治的唯一正确道路。我们深化政治体制改革，是不断推进包括人民代表大会制度在内的社会主义政治制度的自我完善和发展。要积极借鉴人类社会创造的文明成果包括政治文明的有益成果，但绝不照搬西方那一套，绝不搞多党轮流执政、“三权分立”、两院制。
Members of the Standing Committee and the special committees all agree that the political development path of socialism with Chinese characteristics is the only correct path that was chosen by the Chinese people under the leadership of the CPC, best suits the conditions of China, and guides the development of socialist democratic politics in China. Deepening our political restructuring means constantly promoting self-improvement and self-development of the socialist political system including the system of people's congresses. We must draw on the achievements of all cultures, including their political achievements, but we will never simply copy the system of Western countries or introduce a system of multiple parties holding office in rotation, a system with the separation of the three powers or a bicameral system.

一年来，我们在着重加强思想政治建设的同时，还抓了能力、作风和制度建设。一是加强履职培训。组织常委会和专门委员会组成人员，集中学习人大的组织、职权、议事规则以及立法、监督工作的必备知识。每次常委会会议后都结合议程举办专题讲座，取得良好效果。在组织代表初任学习的基础上，重点开展了代表履职培训，先后举办8期培训班，1300多名代表参加培训。二是转变工作方式。本届常委会和专门委员会组成人员大部分长期在党政机关工作，到人大工作后很快进入角色，依法履行职责，花更多的时间、用更多的精力深入实际、深入群众、深入基层，加强调查研究，并形成了一批有分量的调研成果，提高了审议质量，也为党和国家重大决策提供有益参考。三是完善工作制度。在认真总结实践经验的基础上，修改完善了委员长会议议事规则等4个工作文件，并着手研究修改全国人大组织法、选举法以及常委会议事规则。
Over the last year, we improved our competence, work style and institutions while also focusing on our ideological and political development. First, we improved training for deputies on how to carry out their duties. Members of the Standing Committee and the special committees were brought together to learn about the organizational structure, functions and powers and rules for discussion of the NPC and other areas of knowledge closely related to their legislative and oversight work. After each Standing Committee meeting, special topic lectures were held related to its agenda and these proved very effective. In addition to study sessions organized for newly elected deputies, we focused on training for deputies on how to carry out their duties. Eight training courses were held attended by over 1,300 deputies. Second, we revised our working methods. Most members of the Standing Committee and the special committees, who had long worked in Party and government departments, adapted to their new positions in the NPC quickly. They performed their duties in accordance with the law, spent more time and energy than they did in their former positions in investigating actual conditions, meeting with the general public and visiting lower-level organizations, strengthened their investigation and study efforts and compiled a number of valuable reports, thus improving the quality of deliberations and providing reference information that helped in the formulation of major policy decisions of the Party and government. Third, we improved our working systems. We revised and improved four documents concerning our work on the basis of a careful review of practical experience, including rules for discussion in the Chairperson's Council, and conducted studies on how best to modify the Organic Law of the National People's Congress, the Electoral Law of the National People's Congress and Local People's Congresses and rules for discussion in the NPC Standing Committee.

全国人大机关积极开展深入学习实践科学发展观活动，以服务科学发展、努力提高集体参谋助手和服务保障水平为载体，认真解决存在的突出问题，建立健全改进工作的长效机制，以素质能力建设为重点全面加强机关干部队伍建设，努力创建学习型机关、和谐机关，充分调动干部职工的积极性、主动性、创造性，机关面貌发生了可喜变化。
Organs of the NPC launched a campaign to thoroughly study and put into practice the Scientific Outlook on Development. In order to serve scientific development and improve their role as collective adviser and assistant for deputies, they conscientiously worked to resolve major problems, and established a sound permanent mechanism for improving their work. They improved the overall quality of their cadres, focusing on increasing their competence. They encouraged their employees to devote themselves to study, became more harmonious, and strove to fully mobilize the enthusiasm, initiative and creativity of their employees, producing positive changes in their overall situation.

各位代表！
Fellow Deputies,

过去一年全国人大常委会取得的成绩，是在以胡锦涛同志为总书记的党中央正确领导下，全国人大代表、常委会组成人员、各专门委员会组成人员以及全国人大机关工作人员辛勤工作的结果，是国务院、最高人民法院、最高人民检察院协同工作的结果，是地方各级人大及其常委会和广大人民群众大力支持的结果。在此，我代表全国人大常委会表示衷心感谢！
The achievements of the Standing Committee last year were made under the correct leadership of the CPC Central Committee with Comrade Hu Jintao as General Secretary and are the result of the hard work of the deputies, members of the Standing Committee and the special committees, and the employees of the organs of the NPC. Credit is also due to the State Council, the Supreme People's Court and the Supreme People's Procuratorate for their assistance and to the local people's congresses and their standing committees and the general public for their support. On behalf of the Standing Committee, I would now like to express my sincerest thanks to all of them.

我们也清醒地认识到，工作中还存在不少需要改进的地方。一是如何进一步突出重点、抓住关键问题开展工作，提高人大工作的质量和针对性；二是如何进一步督促有关方面抓紧制定法律配套法规，切实解决因法律配套法规的缺失影响法律有效实施的问题；三是如何进一步提高服务保障水平，更好地发挥代表作用；四是如何进一步协调专门委员会工作，更好地发挥专门委员会作用；五是如何进一步加强人大宣传工作，增强国家机关依法办事的自觉性，增强全社会的法律意识和法制观念。我们将自觉接受人民监督，虚心听取代表意见，认真研究民主法制建设进程中的新情况新问题，不断加强和改进常委会工作，更好地行使宪法和法律赋予的职权。
We are also clearly aware that more than a few aspects of our work need to be improved. First, we need to focus more on key areas and concentrate more on key problems in carrying out our work in order to improve the overall quality of the work of the NPC and make it more target-focused. Second, we need to urge the relevant authorities to formulate supporting regulations for laws in a timely manner to effectively resolve the problem of laws that cannot be effectively enforced due to lack of supporting regulations. Third, we need to improve services to deputies to help them better carry out their duties. Fourth, we need to further coordinate the efforts of special committees so that they can function more efficiently. Fifth, we need to improve our publicity efforts related to the law, make state organs more purposeful about carrying out their functions in accordance with the law and enhance respect for the law and increase awareness of the legal system among the general public. We will conscientiously accept the oversight of the people, earnestly listen to the opinions of deputies and carefully study new situations and problems that arise in the development of democracy and the legal system to constantly strengthen and improve the work of the Standing Committee and more effectively exercise the functions and powers granted to us by the Constitution and laws.