2015两会 李克强答记者问双语全文

新华社、新华网和新华社发布客户端记者：总理，您好。去年以来银行不良贷款在持续攀升，影子银行风险事件时有发生，同时一些地方陆续出现了还债高峰。一方面我们经济下行的压力在加大，另一方面金融风险也在累积。请问您对此怎么看？谢谢。
Xinhua News Agency：Since the beginning of last year, the banks’ NPL (nonperforming loan) ratio has been increasing, and cases of financial risks of shadow banking have occurred from time to time, and many local governments need to have a lot of debt being paid. As the downward pressure on China’s economy grows, how do you see the building up financial risks?

李克强：
Premier:

刚才同时站起来两个人，你说了自己有两个头衔，也提了两个以上的问题，集中是在金融风险上。中国的确存在着个案性的金融风险，但是我们完全可以守住不发生系统性、区域性金融风险。
I think our financial risks are at the center of all these questions you just raised. It is true that there have been individual cases of financial risks in China, but at the same time we are fully capable of forestalling systemic and regional financial risks.

这是因为中国的经济还处于合理区间，而且我们的储蓄率比较高，地方政府性债务70%以上是投资性的，是有收益的，而且我们也正在规范债务平台，堵后门、开正门。就银行来说，资本充足率较高，拨备覆盖面也较广。虽然不良贷款也略有上升，但是在世界上仍处于比较低的水平。
China’s economy continues to operate within the proper range and there is a fairly high savings rate in China. Moreover, 70 percent of local government debts are in the form of investments, which boast quite good prospects for yielding returns. We are also regulating local government financing vehicles to ensure that we will keep the front door open while at the same time block those back doors. At the same time, Chinese banks have fairly high capital adequacy ratio and ample provisions. It is true that there are nonperforming loans and the NPL ratio has picked up somewhat, but still the level of NPL in China is quite low internationally.

这里我要表明，我们允许个案性金融风险的发生，按市场化的原则进行清算，这是为了防止道德风险，也增强人们的风险意识。今年，我们就要出台存款保险制度，而且要进一步发展多层次的资本市场，降低企业的资金杠杆率，也可以使金融更好地为实体经济服务。谢谢！
Individual cases of financial risk will be allowed. We encourage the practice of balancing one’s books in a market-based way, and we need to guard against moral hazards and raise people’s awareness of these financial risks. This year we are going to introduce the deposit insurance system, continue to develop multitiered capital markets and lower companies’ leverage ratio. All these efforts will help ensure that financial services can better serve the real economy.

台湾TVBS记者：去年一年在台湾发生一些事情，影响到两岸经济合作的进程。在大陆的经济结构、经济增速放缓的趋势下，在大陆台商也遇到一些经营和发展上的困难。请问大陆在继续促进两岸经济合作的过程中有什么策略，可以让台湾的企业家和台湾一般民众更优先而切实地感受到大陆发展的机遇？
Television Broadcasts Satellite: There were developments in Taiwan last year which affected business cooperation between the two sides of the Taiwan Straits. As the mainland adjusts its economic structure and as the economy slows down, the business people from Taiwan operating on the mainland also run into difficulties. So my question is, what steps will the mainland take to boost cross-Straits business cooperation and to ensure businesses and people from Taiwan can continue to have priority access to the mainland’s development opportunities?

李克强：
Premier:

两岸是一家人，是骨肉同胞。坚持“一个中国”、“九二共识”、反对“台独”，维护两岸关系和平发展，就会给两岸经济合作创造基础，扩大空间。对推动两岸经济合作来说，需要两个轮子一起转。一个轮子就是要加强两岸经贸合作的制度化建设，比如说像ECFA后续协商。另一个轮子就是扩大相互开放。对大陆来说，尤其是要重视在大陆投资的台湾企业。
People on both sides of the Taiwan Straits are members of one big family as long as we continue to adhere to the One-China Principle and 1992 Consensus, oppose ‘Taiwan Independence’, and uphold peaceful development of cross-Straits relations. We will be able to lay a more solid foundation for cross-Straits business cooperation and expand room for such business times. To boost the economic cooperation between the two sides, we need to get both wheels in motion. One wheel is to enhance institution building, for example, to continue to pursue the follow-up consultations on ECFA (Economic Cooperation Framework Agreement). The other is about further mutual opening-up, as far as the mainland is concerned, closer attention will be paid to the investment made by Taiwan business people on the mainland.

这里请你传递一个带有“定心丸”的消息，就是大陆将会继续维护台资企业和台商的合法权益，保持对他们的合理优惠政策。而且在对外开放中，我们会先一步对台湾开放，或者说对台湾开放的力度和深度会更大一些。我们欢迎台商包括年轻人到大陆来创业，并且愿意推动两岸人员交流，拉近两岸民众的心理距离。谢谢！
Here I would like to ask you to convey a message to all these people, which I believe will prove to be quite reassuring to them, that is the mainland will continue to protect lawful rights and interests of Taiwan business people on the mainland, and continue to pursue preferential policies toward them as appropriate. In terms of opening-up, we will give priority to Taiwan in terms of both the depth and intensity of such opening-up steps. We welcome people from Taiwan businesses, including these young people from Taiwan, to come to the mainland to pursue their own careers and business opportunities. We also want to further enhance personal interflow between the two sides so as to bring the hearts and minds of the two sides of people even closer to each other.