经济学人下载:黑客之伤:白了少年头

Not in it for the money
不是为了钱

Groups such as Anonymous and LulzSec are not motivated by money, but they can still wreak financial havoc. Following the theft of roughly 100m online gamers’ account details in April, Sony shut down its PlayStation Network for nearly a month at a cost of about $171m. A loss in consumer trust has added to that toll. Anonymous and LulzSec often post stolen data online to brag and attract potential recruits. But others can and do attempt to cash in on the loot. David Perez of Taddong, a Madrid-based consultancy, says stolen bank-account or credit-card details often end up in online black markets. Illicit software automates many of these bourses, says Gordon Snow, assistant director of the cybercrime division in America’s FBI. Sellers and buyers need not communicate directly, so closing deals is less risky.

像“匿名”和LulzSec这样的团体不为钱驱使，但是他们仍旧能摆脱经济上困窘。四月大概有一亿在线玩家的账户被盗，之后索尼就将它自己的PSN关了近一个月的时间，花了大概1.71亿美元。由于失去了客户信任，增加了损失。“匿名”和LulzSec 经常在网上展示偷来的数据，用来显摆或者吸引新人眼球。但是其他人可以也尝试利用这些战利品来趁机捞一把。来自马德里一家名叫塔东咨询公司的大卫．佩雷斯说，那些偷来的银行账号或者信用卡详细资料最终都会落到线上黑市交易。美国联邦调查局的网络犯罪部门助理司长戈登．斯诺说，非法软件让许多线上交易所自动交易。卖家和买家不需要直接沟通，做成交易没多大风险。

Lately LulzSec has changed tack, branding itself a champion of the oppressed, perhaps to shake off accusations of political indifference and sadism. A grandiloquent statement issued after Mr Davis’s arrest said: “We are sick of the twisted corporatocracy that controls us…united, we can stomp down our common oppressors and imbue ourselves with the power and freedom we deserve.”

最近LulzSec改换了策略，给自己定位为打压受害者，或许是想要摆脱政治冷漠和施虐的帽子。戴维斯先生被捕之后发表了一段大言不惭的讲话：“我们厌倦了那些复杂的公司王国来控制我们，让我们团结，我们能轻易击败普通的压迫者，并且给我们自己我们需要的自由和力量。”

Even as the hacking underworld has splintered, new threats are emerging. The agenda for Black Hat USA, a security shindig this week in Las Vegas, ranges from the perennial flaws of Microsoft’s software to newly discovered weaknesses in Apple laptops’ batteries, in mobile devices running Google’s Android operating system and in wireless water-meters.

就在地下黑客内部四分五裂的时候，新的威胁又出现了。在本周拉斯维加斯的美国黑帽安全峰会上，所议问题包括微软层出不穷的漏洞，还有刚刚发现苹果手提电脑电池，运行谷歌安卓运系统的移动设备，移动水表的各种问题。

The growth of “cloud” computing makes life harder for hackers overall (because firms that run cloud systems will on average have better security) but when a breach occurs, it offers bigger gains. LulzSec recently claimed (on flimsy evidence) that it had made Apple “our bitch for life” by pillaging passwords and source code from the iCloud servers built to dispatch photos, music and other data to customers’ iPhones, iPads and computers. As mischief has become easier, the hacker crowd has burgeoned and mutated. Ilias Chantzos of Symantec, a computer-security company, says it has far outgrown its nerdy roots in a subculture of brainy social outcasts fuelled by pizza deliveries and fizzy drinks.

云计算的成长让黑客雪上加霜（因为运行云系统的公司总的说来有更好的安全水平）但是，一旦出现缺口，黑客就有更多的收获。苹果云服务器是用来将图片，音乐和其它数据发送到顾客的苹果手机，平板电脑，计算机的服务系统，而最近LulzSec宣称（尽管证据不足）它已经把用户密码和资源代码从云系统中盗了出来，将其变成了“我们终身的婊子”。随着内部不和升级，黑客组织生出新芽，产生巨变。计算机安全公司赛门铁克的伊利亚斯．肯兹说，现在黑客群体已经不仅仅局限于它当初的起源人群，那些每天靠吃比萨外卖二氧化碳汽水为生的书呆子，这些社会次文化中头脑活跃的边缘团体。