经济学人下载:疫情后时代社会保障的绝处逢生(2)

 1. As health-care and pension costs soared in recent years, governments cut back support for working-age people.

cut back 削减

They will be concerned to cut back expenditure on unnecessary items

他们将会考虑削减不必要的开销。

2. With the public and some economists cheering on, it is tempting for politicians to stoke the economy with more ad hoc spending, or put in place vast schemes such as UBI.

ad hoc 临时的

The Council meets on an ad hoc basis to discuss problems.

议会临时安排会议讨论问题。