大学英语自学教程 下册 un09

[04:15.27]because the birthrate fell earlier in Western
[04:17.75]是因为在西欧和西北欧出生率比其他地方下降得早,
[04:20.23]and Northwestern Europe than elsewhere,
[04:23.11]而不是因为死亡率发生了一些变化.
[04:25.98]rather than because of any change in the death ratethat we have grown so old.
[04:29.95]经常有人对这一观点表示反对,
[04:33.92]But this is what elementary demography makes clear.
[04:36.60],但这是基础人口统计学弄清楚的事实.
[04:39.28]Long life is altering our society,of course,but in experiential terms
[04:43.35]当然,长寿正改变着我们的社会,但这是根据经验而来的说法.
[04:47.43]We have among us a very much greater experience of continued living
[04:51.15]我们之中有一种比先于我们的任何社会多得多的寿命处长的经历,
[04:54.87]than any society that has over preceded us anywhere,
[04:57.89]这种子经历将继续下去.但如果我们不能为之做一些努力,即使在富裕的西文,
[05:00.90]and this will continue.But too much of that lengthened experience
[05:04.59]但如果我们不能为之做一些努力,即使在富裕的西文,
[05:08.27]even in the wealthy West,will be experience of poverty and neglect
[05:15.82]unless we do something about it.
[05:17.81]太多的寿命延长的经历也将成为贫穷和被人忽视的经历.
[05:19.79]If you are now in your thirties,you ought to be aware
[05:22.57]  如果你现在是三十几岁,你应当知道,
[05:25.36]that you can expect to live nearly one third of the rest of your life
[05:32.02]after the age of 60.The older you are now,of course,
[05:36.04]你可以指望在活到60岁以后再活上差不多15年.
[05:40.06]the greater this proportion will be,and greater still if you are a woman.
[05:43.80]现在你越老,当然这个比例就越大.如果你是女人,这个比例还会大.
[05:47.53]Expectation of life is a slippery figure,
[05:50.11]估计寿命是个易变的数字,
[05:52.68]very easy to get wrong at the highest ages.
[05:55.41]在最高年龄上很容易弄错.
[05:58.14]At Vichy the demographers were telling each other that their estimates
[06:04.30]of how many old there would be
[06:06.54]在维希,人口学家互相转告,在像英格兰和威尔士这些国家,
[06:08.77]and how long they will live in countries like England and Wales
[06:14.62]are due for revision upwards.
[06:16.56]他们对将有多少老人和他们能活多久的估计应向上调整.
[06:18.49]Text B
[06:20.02]B
[06:21.54]Children's Self-esteem
[06:23.32]孩子们的自尊
[06:25.10]Self-esteem is what people think about themselves
[06:27.46]  自尊是人们对自己看法
[06:29.83]whether or not they feel valued--and when family members have self-respect
[06:33.00]当家庭成员有了自尊,自豪,自信时,
[06:36.17]pride and belief in themselves,this high sell-esteem
[06:42.13]nuskes it possible to cope with the everyday problems of growing up.
[06:44.70]这种高度的自尊使得妥善处理成长的日常问题成为可能.
[06:47.28]Successful parenting begins by communicating to children that they belong,
[06:50.41]  成功的充儿之道始于让孩子知道,
[06:53.54]and are loved for no other reason than just because they exist.
[06:56.27]他们属于这个家庭,他们受到宠爱没有别的原因,就因为他们自身的存在.
[06:59.00]Through touch and tone of voice
[07:00.78]通过抚摸和声音的语调,
[07:02.56]parents tell their infants whether or not they are valued,special,and loved,
[07:05.64]父母告诉他们的幼儿他们是否受到重视,最否很特别,量否被爱.
[07:08.72]and it is these messages that form the basis of the child's self-esteem.
[07:11.70]正是这些信息形成了孩子自尊的基础.
[07:14.68]When children grow up with love
[07:16.40]当孩子们在爱的翔下成长,
[07:18.13]and are made to feel lovable despite their mistakes and failures,
[07:20.71]不管他们是错误或失败,都使他们感觉到讨人喜爱时,
[07:23.30]they are able to interact with others in a responsible,honest,and loving way
[07:26.52]他们就能用可信赖的,诚实的和爱的方式与别人交往.
[07:29.75]A healthy self-esteem is a resource for coping when difficulties arise,
[07:32.72]当出现困难时,健康的自尊心是一种解决困难的手段,
[07:35.68]making it easier to see a problem as temporary,manageable,
[07:38.46]使之容易把问题看做是暂时的,能处理的,
[07:41.24]and something from which the individual can emerge.
[07:43.43]个人可以从中解脱出来.
[07:45.61]If,however,children grow up without love and without feelings of self-worth,