大学英语自学教程 下册 un08

[00:00.00]Unit 8  text A  Jet Lag:Prevention and Cure
[00:04.30]喷气飞行时差综合征的预防和治疗
[00:08.59]The problem of Jet Lag
[00:12.43]is one every international traveller comes across at some time.
[00:15.52]乘喷气式飞机因时差而引起的生理节奏的破坏是每一个跨国旅行者有时会遇到的问题。
[00:18.60]But do you have to suffer?
[00:20.34]但你必须得忍受吗？
[00:22.07]Understand what it is,and how a careful diet can minimizeits worst effects,
[00:26.49]理解它是怎么回事,以及如何小心饮食才可以将其最坏影响减到最小程度,
[00:30.90]and your flights will be less stressful.
[00:33.08]你的飞行就不会那么紧张了。
[00:35.27] The effects of rapid travel on the body
[00:37.75]快速旅行对身体的影响
[00:40.23]are actually far more disturbing than we realize.
[00:43.05]实际上比我们意识到的更大加令人不安。
[00:45.87]Jet Lag is not
[00:47.70]乘喷气式飞机
[00:49.53]a psychological consequence of having to readjust to a different time zone.
[00:53.07]因时差而引起的生理节奏的破坏不是必须重新调整去适合不同时区的心理影响.
[00:56.61]It is due to changes in the body's physiological regulatory mechanisms
[01:00.88]它是由于人体内的生理调节结构，
[01:05.15]specifically the hormonal systems,in a different environment.
[01:09.38]特别是荷尔蒙系统在不同环境一的变化而造成。
[01:13.61]Confused? So was John Foster Dulles,
[01:16.40]  感到迷乱了吗? 美国国务卿约翰.福斯特.杜勒斯
[01:19.18]the American Secretary of State when he flew to Egypt
[01:24.53]to conduct negotiations on the Aswan Dam.
[01:27.26]飞往埃及进行关于阿斯旺谈判时也是这样.
[01:29.99]He later blamed his poor judgement on Jet Lag.
[01:32.93]后来,他把他的不理想的判断归咎于乘喷气式飞机
[01:35.87]The effects can be used to advantage,too.
[01:38.30]  时差的影响也加以利用.
[01:40.73]President Johnson once conducted an important meeting in Guam
[01:43.85]约翰逊总统曾经在关岛召开重要会议,
[01:46.97]and kept the entire proceedings at Washington DC time.
[01:50.09]其所有活动都按华盛顿时间进行.
[01:53.21]The White House working personnel were as fresh as paint,
[01:56.45]白宫工作从员个个精神焕发,
[01:59.69]while the locals,in this case,were jet-lagged.
[02:02.42]而在这种情况下,当地人对时差的反应则很强烈.
[02:05.15]Essentially,they had been instantaneously transported to America.
[02:08.69]实际上,好像他们被飞机送到美国一样.
[02:12.23]Now that we understand what Jet Lag is we can go some way to overcoming it.
[02:16.25]既然我们懂得了什么是喷气式飞行时差综合征,我们可以采取一些办法克服它.
[02:20.28]A great number of the body's events are scheduled to occur at a certain time of day
[02:23.86]大量人体活动每天在特写的时候发生.
[02:27.44]Naturally these have to be regulated
[02:29.62]很自然这些不得不加以调节,
[02:31.80]and there are two regulatory systems which interact.
[02:34.78]人体有两套相互影响的调节系统.
[02:37.75]One timing system comes from the evidence of our senses and stomachs,
[02:41.23]  一个定时系统表现在我们的感觉和胃,
[02:44.70]and the periodicity we experience when living in a particular time zone
[02:47.97]以及居住在一个特写时区时我们所经历的周期.
[02:51.23]The other belongs in our internal clocks
[02:54.07]另一个定时系统在我们的人休时钟内
[02:56.90](the major one of which may be physically located in a part of the brain called
[03:04.03]the suprachiasmatic nucleus)
[03:06.61](主要的一个体内时钟可能存在于大脑的称为超交叉核的那部分中),
[03:09.18]which,left alone,would tie the body to a 25 hour--yes,2.5--rhythm
[03:14.01]这些人体时钟在不受干扰时,会使人体有一个25小时,是的,25小时的生理节奏.
[03:18.84]Normally the two timers are in step,
[03:23.60]and the external cues tend to regularise
[03:26.12]一般情况下,这两种运量器是一致的.
[03:28.64]the internal clocks to the more convenient 24 hour period.
[03:31.72]外部信号常常调节人体时钟使之达到更大为便利的24小时周期.
[03:34.80]If,however,you move the whole body to a lime zone which is four hours different,
[03:38.74]  然而,如果你将整个身体转移到相差4小时的时区,
[03:42.67]the two clocks will be out of step,
[03:44.90]这两个时钟就不协调了.
[03:47.13]like two alarm clocks which are normally set together,