BBC在线收听下载:英国苏格兰法院裁定首相暂停议会违法

Hello, I'm Daniel Lovanescu with the BBC news.
Scotland's highest court of appeal has ruled as unlawful the current suspension of Britain's parliament by Prime Minister Boris Johnson and his advice to Queen Elizabeth on the matter. A five-week suspension began at the end of Monday's session. It comes with only weeks to go before Britain is set to leave the European Union. Lorna Gordon outside the court in Edinburgh, outlines what the judge's statement said.
苏格兰最高上诉法院裁定，英国首相鲍里斯•约翰逊暂停议会，以及他就此事向伊丽莎白女王提出的建议是非法的。周一的会议结束后，英国议会开启了为期五周的休会。而现在距离英国脱欧也只有几周的时间了。洛娜•戈登在爱丁堡法院外概述了法官的声明。

Although the advice to Her Majesty the Queen on the exercise of the royal prerogative on prorogating or suspending Parliament was not reviewable on the normal grounds of judicial review, it would nevertheless be unlawful if its purpose was to stymie parliamentary scrutiny of the executive which is a central pillar he says of the good governance principle enshrined in the constitution and that in essence is why these judges have ruled as unlawful. Second of those two judges, Lord Brodie said this is an egregious case of a clear failure to comply with generally accepted standards of behavior of public authority. The British government is appealing to the Supreme Court in London.
虽然向女王陛下提出的关于行使闭会或暂停议会的皇家特权的建议不能根据司法审查的正常理由加以审查，但是如果它的目的是阻碍议会对行政部门的审查，那么它就是非法的。他称审查时良政原则宪法的核心，因此这些法官裁决这么做是非法的。两名法官之一的布罗迪勋爵表示，这是一起令人震惊的案件，这么做显然没有遵守公认的公共权力行为标准。英国政府正在向伦敦最高法院提起上诉。

The US state of California has passed a bill known as Assembly Bill 5, which significantly expands the rights of so-called gig economy worker employed by ride-hailing apps such as Lyft and Uber. Dave Lee reports from San Francisco.
美国加利福尼亚州通过了《第5号法案》，该法案大幅提高了Lyft和优步等打车软件雇佣的所谓零工经济工人的权利。以下是戴夫•李在旧金山的报道。

The business models of gig economy companies are already under great strain. Uber lost more than five billion dollars in the last quarter alone. Some estimates suggest there having to treat workers as employees rather than independent contractors could increase costs by as much as thirty percent. Uber and rival ride-sharing service Lyft joined forces, they suggested a guaranteed minimum wage of twenty-one dollars per hour instead of the sweeping changes the bill would bring. That pledge wasn't enough to sway California Senate, and the state's governor Gavin Newsom is expected to soon sign the bill into law.
零工经济公司的商业模式已经面临巨大压力。仅上个季度，优步就损失了50多亿美元。一些人估计，如果把员工当作雇员而不是独立的合同工来对待，那么成本增幅可能高达30%。优步和竞争对手Lyft联手，他们建议保证最低工资为每小时21美元，从而避免该法案带来的彻底改变。这一承诺不足以动摇加州参议院，加州州长加文•纽瑟姆有望很快将该法案签署成法律。

Scientists have found the earliest direct evidence of milk consumption by prehistoric farmers from Britain. The research team identified milk protein within the dental plaque of teeth found at three Neolithic sites in England. It shows that humans were consuming dairy products as early as six thousand years ago, despite being lactose intolerant. Sophy Charlton is from the University of York and a co-author of the study.
科学家发现了英国史前农民饮用牛奶的最早直接证据。研究小组在英格兰的三个新石器时代遗址发现的牙齿的牙菌斑上发现了牛奶蛋白。其表明人类早在6000年前就开始食用乳制品，尽管当时人们对乳糖不耐受。来自约克大学的苏菲•查尔顿是这项研究的合作者之一。

We have lots of archaeological evidence from the period which suggests that people are processing milk mainly in the form of milk lipids or fats in pottery. And a lot of these show that they have been the milk has been heated, so we think that probably what's most likely is that people are processing milk to make it kind of more palatable or more easily digestible for them. And this is much earlier than we previously thought that perhaps people were doing this.
我们有很多这一时期的考古证据表明，当时的人主要以牛奶脂质或脂肪的形式在陶罐中加工牛奶。其中很多陶罐表明里边的牛奶曾经过加热处理，所以我们认为最有可能的是，人们加工牛奶是为了让牛奶更美味或者更容易消化。这比我们之前认为的人类饮用牛奶的历史要早得多。

BBC news.